The document defines the forces and moments to be taken into account with reference to masses and braking conditions. It gives the stress calculation method for axles with outside axle-journals. It defines the maximum permissible stresses to be assumed in calculations," for steel grade EA 1N defined in prEN 13261 ""Axles - Product requirements"". It describes how to obtain the maximum permissible stresses for other steel grades and determines the diameter for the various sections of the axle. The preferred shapes and transitions are identified to ensure adequate service performance.#",,#