ASTM D5974-15
采用毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产品中脂肪和树脂酸的标准试验方法

Standard Test Methods for Fatty and Rosin Acids in Tall Oil Fractionation Products by Capillary Gas Chromatography

被代替

ASTM D5974-15 发布历史

ASTM D5974-15由美国材料与试验协会 US-ASTM 发布于 2015。

ASTM D5974-15在国际标准分类中归属于: 67.080.10 水果及其制品,67.200.10 动物和植物的脂肪和油。

ASTM D5974-15 采用毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产品中脂肪和树脂酸的标准试验方法的最新版本是哪一版？

最新版本是 ASTM D5974-20 。

ASTM D5974-15 发布之时，引用了标准

• ASTM D509 松香分级和抽样试验方法
• ASTM D804 包括妥尔油及相关产品的松脂制品的有关术语
• ASTM E691 为测定试验方法精密度开展的实验室间的研究

ASTM D5974-15的历代版本如下：

• 2020年 ASTM D5974-20 通过毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产物中脂肪和松香酸的标准测试方法
• 2015年 ASTM D5974-15 采用毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产品中脂肪和树脂酸的标准试验方法
• 2000年 ASTM D5974-00(2010) 用毛细管气相色谱法对妥尔油分级分离产品的脂肪和树脂酸的标准试验方法
• 2000年 ASTM D5974-00(2005) 用毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分级分离产品中脂肪和树脂酸的标准试验方法
• 2000年 ASTM D5974-00 通过毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产物中脂肪和松香酸的标准测试方法
• 2000年 ASTM D5974-96 通过毛细管气相色谱法测定妥尔油分馏产物中脂肪和松香酸的标准测试方法

3.1 Tall oil fractionated products derived from tall oil are important commercial materials, primarily composed of fatty acids and rosin acids, but also containing some neutral material (see Terminology D804). For many applications, it is necessary to know the level of the individual fatty acids and rosin acids present in these products. Gas chromatography has proven to be a useful tool for such determinations (see Test Methods D509), and capillary chromatography, described in these test methods, is considered to be the most effective gas chromatographic technique currently available. In particular situations, other techniques may be more suitable than gas chromatography. For example, the presence of fatty acid esters in the sample would result in transesterification during the derivatization step that may affect the results.

3.2 Due to hydrogen bonding, unmodified tall oil fatty acids and rosin acids cannot be volatilized at atmospheric pressure without undergoing decomposition. So, it is necessary to convert the free acids to the more volatile and more stable methyl esters, prior to chromatographic separation.

3.3 These test methods describe four ways to prepare methyl esters. The classic method is through the use of diazomethane, but diazomethane is a hazardous and toxic material, and so is no longer the preferred agent. The use of diazomethane is detailed in Appendix X1.

3.3.1 TMAH causes isomerization of a sample’s di- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, when it is used in even a slight excess. This leads to inaccurate results for the individual fatty acid components. TMAH should be used for materials containing only rosin acids, or when the identification or quantitation of individual fatty acid components is not important.

3.3.2 TMPAH is the recommended methylating agent when the identification or quantitation of individual di- and polyunsaturated fatty acids is required. TMPAH produces results that are very similar to those of diazomethane, but without the hazards that are associated with diazomethane. A considerable excess of TMPAH may cause isomerization of conjugated compounds similar to that encountered with TMAH.

3.3.3 DMF-DMA gives results comparable to TMPAH and is easy and safe to use. However, the reagent is moisture sensitive, requiring samples to be free of any significant levels of water.

3.4 Two test methods for calculating the amounts of the individual fatty acid and rosin acid methyl esters are included in these test methods. When the actual weight percentage of a given compound is required, the “internal standard” method must be used. This method involves adding a known amount of an internal standard to a known amount of test material, and comparing the area of the peak associated with the internal standard with the area of the peak of the individual fatty acid or rosin acid methyl esters. The “area percent” method will give the relative amount of each component, by comparing the area of the appropriate peak to the total area of all peaks. Non-eluting compounds will lead to erroneous (absolute) results with this method.

标准号

ASTM D5974-15

发布

2015年

发布单位

美国材料与试验协会

替代标准

ASTM D5974-20

当前最新

ASTM D5974-20

 

 

引用标准

ASTM D509 ASTM D804 ASTM E691

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