13.080.40 土壤的水文特性 标准查询与下载

DIN ISO 11274:2012 土壤质量.水分保持特性的测定.实验室法

Soil quality - Determination of the water retention characteristics - Laboratory methods (ISO 11274:1998 + Cor. 1:2009)

ASTM D5520-11 用单轴压缩法测定冻土样品蠕变特性的标准试验方法

Understanding the mechanical properties of frozen soils is of primary importance to permafrost engineering. Data from creep tests are necessary for the design of most foundation elements embedded in, or bearing on frozen ground. They make it possible to predict the time-dependent settlements of piles and shallow foundations under service loads, and to estimate their short- and long-term bearing capacity. Creep tests also provide quantitative parameters for the stability analysis of underground structures that are created for permanent use. It must be recognized that the structure of frozen soil in situ and its behavior under load may differ significantly from that of an artificially prepared specimen in the laboratory. This is mainly due to the fact that natural permafrost ground may contain ice in many different forms and sizes, in addition to the pore ice contained in a small laboratory specimen. These large ground-ice inclusions (such as ice lenses) will considerably affect the time-dependent behavior of full-scale engineering structures. In order to obtain reliable results, high-quality intact representative permafrost samples are required for creep tests. The quality of the sample depends on the type of frozen soil sampled, the in situ thermal condition at the time of sampling, the sampling method, and the transportation and storage procedures prior to testing. The best testing program can be ruined by poor-quality samples. In addition, one must always keep in mind that the application of laboratory results to practical problems requires much caution and engineering judgment. Note 18212;The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the creep behavior of cylindrical specimens of frozen soil, subjected to uniaxial compression. It specifies the apparatus, instrumentation, and procedures for determining the stress-strain-time, or strength versus strain rate relationships for frozen soils under deviatoric creep conditions. 1.2 Although this test method is one that is most commonly used, it is recognized that creep properties of frozen soil related to certain specific applications, can also be obtained by some alternative procedures, such as stress-relaxation tests, simple shear tests, and beam flexure tests. Creep testing under triaxial test conditions will be covered in another standard. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. 1.4.1 For the purposes of comparing, a measured or calculated value(s) with specified limits, the measured or calculated value(s) shall be rounded to the nearest decimal or significant digits in the specified limits. 1.4.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated ......

Standard Test Method for Laboratory Determination of Creep Properties of Frozen Soil Samples by Uniaxial Compression

LST EN ISO 15175:2011 土壤质量 与地下水保护相关的土壤特征（ISO 15175:2004）

Soil quality - Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection (ISO 15175:2004)

DS/EN ISO 15175:2011 土壤质量 与地下水保护相关的土壤特征

This international standard provides guidance on the principles behind, and main methods for, the evaluation of sites, soils, and soil materials in relation to their role as a source of contamination of groundwater and their function in transporting, degrading and transforming contaminants. It identifies and lists relevant monitoring strategies, methods for sampling, soil processing and analytical methods. This international standard is applicable to the evaluation of the impact of contaminants on groundwater in relation to drinking water quality, irrigation water quality, industrial use and natural base flow.

Soil quality - Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection

DIN EN ISO 15175:2011 土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质(ISO 15175-2004);德文版本EN ISO 15175-2011

This International Standard provides guidance on the principles behind, and main methods for, the evaluation of sites, soils, and soil materials in relation to their role as a source of contamination of groundwater and their function in transporting, degrading and transforming contaminants. It identifies and lists relevant monitoring strategies, methods for sampling, soil processing and analytical methods. This International Standard is applicable to the evaluation of the impact of contaminants on groundwater in relation to - drinking water quality, - irrigation water quality, - industrial use, - natural base flow.

Soil quality - Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection (ISO 15175:2004); German version EN ISO 15175:2011

BS EN ISO 15175:2011 土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤的特性描述

This International Standard provides guidance on the principles behind, and main methods for, the evaluation of sites, soils, and soil materials in relation to their role as a source of contamination of groundwater and their function in transporting, degrading and transforming contaminants. It identifies and lists relevant monitoring strategies, methods for sampling, soil processing and analytical methods. This International Standard is applicable to the evaluation of the impact of contaminants on groundwater in relation to  drinking water quality,  irrigation water quality,  industrial use,  natural base flow.

Soil quality. Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection

NF X31-601:2011 地下水保护相关土壤性质的测定,判定土壤质量.

Soil quality - Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection.

DIN 19687:2011 土壤质量.土壤中水的渗透率

Soil quality - Percolation rate of water from the soil

EN ISO 15175:2011 土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质 土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质 我的 土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质土壤质量.与地下水保护相关的土壤性质

This International Standard provides guidance on the principles behind, and main methods for, the evaluation ofsites, soils, and soil materials in relation to their role as a source of contamination of groundwater and theirfunction in transporting, degrading and transforming contaminants. It identifies and lists relevant monitoringstrategies, methods for sampling, soil processing and analytical methods.

Soil quality - Characterization of soil related to groundwater protection (ISO 15175:2004)

ASTM D7664-10(2018)e1 非饱和土壤导水率测量的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative measurement of data points suitable for defining the hydraulic conductivity functions (HCF) of unsaturated soils. The HCF is defined as either the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and matric suction or that between hydraulic conductivity and volumetric water content, gravimetric water content, or the degree of saturation. Darcy’s law provides the basis for measurement of points on the HCF, in which the hydraulic conductivity of a soil specimen is equal to the coefficient of proportionality between the flow rate of water through the specimen and the hydraulic gradient across the specimen. To define a point on the HCF, a hydraulic gradient is applied across a soil specimen, the corresponding transient or steadystate water flow rate is measured (or vice versa), and the hydraulic conductivity calculated using Darcy’s law is paired with independent measurements of matric suction or volumetric water content in the soil specimen. 1.2 These test methods describe a family of test methods that can be used to define points on the HCF for different types of soils. Unfortunately, there is no single test that can be applied to all soils to measure the HCF due to testing times and the need for stress control. It is the responsibility of the requestor of a test to select the method that is most suitable for a given soil type. Guidance is provided in the significance and use section of these test methods. 1.3 Similar to the Soil Water Retention Curve (SWRC), defined as the relationship between volumetric water content and matric suction, the HCF may not be a unique function. Both the SWRC and HCF may follow different paths whether the unsaturated soil is being wetted or dried. A test method should be selected which replicates the flow process occurring in the field. 1.4 These test methods describe three categories of methods (Categories A through C) for direct measurement of the HCF. Category A (column tests) involves methods used to define the HCF using measured one-dimensional profiles of volumetric water content or suction with height in a column of soil compacted into a rigid wall permeameter during imposed transient and steady-state water flow processes. Different means of imposing water flow processes are described in separate methods within Category A. Category B (axis translation tests) involves methods used to define the HCF using outflow measurements from a soil specimen underlain by a saturated high-air entry porous disc in a permeameter during imposed transient water flow processes. The uses of rigid-wall or flexible-wall permeameters are described in separate methods within Category B. Category C (centrifuge permeameter test) includes a method to define the HCF using measured volumetric water content or suction profiles in a column of soil confined in a centrifuge permeameter during imposed steadystate water flow processes. The methods in this standard can be used to measure hydraulic conductivity values ranging from the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil to approximately 10-11 m/s. 1.5 The methods of data analysis described in these test methods involve measurement of the water flow rate and hydraulic gradient, and calculation of the hydraulic conductivity using Darcy’s law (direct methods) (1).2 Alternatively, inverse methods may also be used to define the HCF (2). These employ an iterative, regression-based approach to estimate the hydraulic conductivity that a soil specimen would need to have given a measured water flow response. However, as they require specialized engineering analyses, they are excluded from the scope of these test methods. 1.6 These test methods apply to soils that do not change significantly in volume during changes in volumetric water content or suction, or both (that is, expansive clays or collapsing soils). This implies that these methods should be used for sands, silts, and clays of low plasticity. 1 These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.04 on Hydrologic Properties and Hydraulic Barriers. Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2018. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D635 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D7664–10R18E01. 2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 1.7 The methods apply only to soils containing two pore fluids: a gas and a liquid. The liquid is usually water and the gas is usually air. Other fluids may also be used if requested. Caution shall be exercised if the liquid being used causes shrinkage or swelling of the soil. 1.8 The units used in reporting shall be SI units in order to be consistent with the literature on water flow analyses in unsaturated soils. The hydraulic conductivity shall be reported in units of [m/s], the matric suction in units of [kPa], the volumetric water content in [m3 /m3 ] or [%], and the degree of saturation in [m3 /m3 ]. 1.9 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guide for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026. The procedures in Practice D6026 that are used to specify how data are collected, recorded, and calculated are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the objectives of the user. Increasing or reducing the significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations is common practice. Consideration of the significant digits to be used in analysis methods for engineering design is beyond the scope of these test methods. 1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils

ASTM D7664-10 测量不饱和土壤的导水率的标准试验方法

The hydraulic conductivity function (HCF) is fundamental to hydrological characterization of unsaturated soils and is required for most analyses of water movement in unsaturated soils. For instance, the HCF is a critical parameter to analyze the movement of water during infiltration or evaporation from soil specimens. This is relevant to the evaluation of water movement in landfill cover systems, stiffness changes in pavements due to water movement, recharge of water into aquifers, and extraction of pore water from soils for sampling. Examples of HCFs reported in the technical literature are shown in Fig. 1(a), Fig. 1(b), and Fig. 1(c), for clays, silts, and sands, respectively. The decision to report a HCF in terms of suction or volumetric water content depends on the test method and instruments used to measure the HCF. The methods in Categories A and C will provide a HCF in terms of either suction or volumetric water content, while the methods in Category B will provide a HCF in terms of suction.1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative measurement of data points suitable for defining the hydraulic conductivity functions (HCF) of unsaturated soils. The HCF is defined as either the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and matric suction or that between hydraulic conductivity and volumetric water content, gravimetric water content, or the degree of saturation. Darcy’s law provides the basis for measurement of points on the HCF, in which the hydraulic conductivity of a soil specimen is equal to the coefficient of proportionality between the flow rate of water through the specimen and the hydraulic gradient across the specimen. To define a point on the HCF, a hydraulic gradient is applied across a soil specimen, the corresponding transient or steady-state water flow rate is measured (or vice versa), and the hydraulic conductivity calculated using Darcy’s law is paired with independent measurements of matric suction or volumetric water content in the soil specimen. 1.2 These test methods describe a family of test methods that can be used to define points on the HCF for different types of soils. Unfortunately, there is no single test that can be applied to all soils to measure the HCF due to testing times and the need for stress control. It is the responsibility of the requestor of a test to select the method that is most suitable for a given soil type. Guidance is provided in the significance and use section of these test methods. 1.3 Similar to the Soil Water Retention Curve (SWRC), defined as the relationship between volumetric water content and matric suction, the HCF may not be a unique function. Both the SWRC and HCF may follow different paths whether the unsaturated soil is being wetted or dried. A test method should be selected which replicates the flow process occurring in the field. 1.4 These test methods describe three categories of methods (Categories A through C) for direct measurement of the HCF. Category A (column tests) involves methods used to define the HCF using measured one-dimensional profiles of volumetric water content or suction with height in a column of soil compacted into a rigid wall permeameter during imposed transient and steady-state water flow processes. Different means of imposing water flow processes are described in separate methods within Category A. Category B (axis translation tests) involves methods used to define the HCF using outflow measurements from a soil specimen underlain by a saturated high-air entry porous disc in a permeameter during imposed transient water flow processes. The uses of rigid-wall or flexible-wall permeameters are described in separate methods within Category B. Category C (centrifuge permeameter test)......

Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Unsaturated Soils

KS I ISO 16586-2009(2023) 土质.根据已知干容重测定土壤含水量（体积分数）.重量法

Soil quality－Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction on the basis of known dry bulk density－Gravimetric method

KS I ISO 16586-2009(2019) 土壤质量.以已知干容重为基础的土壤含水量的测定.重量法

Soil quality－Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction on the basis of known dry bulk density－Gravimetric method

KS I ISO 15709:2009 土质.土壤水分和未饱和生物圈.定义、符号和理论

이 표준은 불포화대 토양 수분 물리의 단순화된 이론을 제공하며 불포화대의 토양 물리 조사

Soil quality-Soil water and the unsaturated zone-Definitions, symbols and theory

KS I ISO 16586:2009 土质.在已知毛体积干密度基础上测定为体积分数的土壤含水量.重量分析法

이 표준은 측정된 수분 함량과 이미 알고 있는 전용적 밀도의 비율에 따른 부피를 기준으로

Soil quality-Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction on the basis of known dry bulk density-Gravimetric method

DS/ISO 11274/Corr. 1:2009 土壤质量 保水特性的测定 实验室方法

No scope available

Soil quality - Determination of the water-retention characteristic - Laboratory methods

ISO 11274:1998/Cor 1:2009 土壤质量.水分保持特性的测定.实验室法;技术勘误表1

Soil quality — Determination of the water-retention characteristic — Laboratory methods TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1

Soil quality — Determination of the water-retention characteristic — Laboratory methods TECHNICAL CORRIGENDUM 1

DS/ISO 16586/Corr. 1:2009 土壤质量 在已知干体积密度的基础上测定土壤含水量作为体积分数 重量法

This International Standard specifies a method for the gravimetric determination of soil water content as avolume fraction on the basis of the ratio of measured water content mass to known dry bulk density.This International Standard is applicable to all types of non-swelling or non-shrinking soils. It is used as areference method (e.g. the calibration of indirect methods for determination of water content).

Soil quality - Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction on the basis of known dry bulk density - Gravimetric method

ISO 16586:2003/Cor 1:2009 土壤质量.基于已知干密度的以体积分数计的土壤含水量测定.重量法.技术勘误表1

Soil quality - Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction on the basis of known dry bulk density - Gravimetric method; Technical Corrigendum 1

GOST R 53764-2009 土壤质量.通过取芯筒测定土壤水分含量的体积分数.重量法

Soil quality. Determination of soil water content as a volume fraction using coring sleeves. Gravimetric method