13.200 (Accident and disaster control) 标准查询与下载

ASTM F1767-14 搜寻和救援用表格的标准指南

3.1 This guide will give SAR personnel options in choosing a form that will fit their specific need. These forms will assist in the organization, management, and documentation of a search or rescue incident. 3.2 Additional forms will be categorized by topics such as management, investigation, training documentation, equipment maintenance, and reports. This guide will compare the original ICS forms with samples of those developed to parallel them for SAR. 3.3 Once categorized, an explanation will be given for each type of form. Some examples of these forms will be shown. Some contributors have included detailed instruction for the use of their forms. 3.4 This guide may serve as the basis for new forms to be created using some information found here. 1.1 This guide gives examples of forms used in the SAR community. 1.2 It is not the intent of this guide to recommend one form over another, but to make the user aware of the many different types of forms used. This guide does not purport to contain every form used in SAR, only a few examples of forms in each category. 1.3 These forms cover a great variety of the many aspects involved in SAR. This guide will attempt to give a few versions of forms used for each aspect identified. The user may choose which form best fits his particular need. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Forms Used for Search and Rescue

ASTM F3026-14 直升机内陆搜救(SAR)乘务长的标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes the minimum standard for training a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief with focus on the general knowledge and skills needed to function within a helicopter in support of an inland search and rescue operation. A person trained to this guide is a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief. 4.1.1 Every person who is identified as a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief shall have met the requirements of this guide. 4.1.2 This guide is to be used by individuals and authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) that wish to identify the minimum training standards for a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief. 4.1.3 This guide is only the first level of training for a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief and as such, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required for a person to perform during helicopter operations. 4.1.4 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is only an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief, but it can be used to develop a training document or program. 4.1.5 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief. 4.1.6 Though this guide establishes the minimum standards, it does not imply that a Helicopter SAR Crew Chief is “in training,” “on probation,” or in any other similar AHJ member status. It is up to the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. 4.1.7 A Helicopter SAR Crew Chief shall be trained in the normal operational response areas. Examples include but are not limited to the following regions: mountainous, desert, wilderness and over inland bodies of water. 4.1.8 The knowledge, skills, and abilities presented in the following sections are not presented in any particular order and do not represent any specific training sequence. 4.1.9 A Helicopter SAR Crew Chief shall meet the minimum SAR requirements for their environments while working as a crewmember with a helicopter and shall be able to interface with ground SAR resources. 4.1.9.1 In order to operate safely around or in a given sub-environment within this area of specialization (Helicopter SAR Crew Chief), the AHJ shall consider the applicability of requiring additional knowledge, skills, and abilities specific to a specific problem, hazard, technical challenge or environment. 4.1.10 Not all aircraft are capable of rappelling, short haul, and/or hoist operations. It is important to know an aircraft’s capabilities as applicable and per AHJ requirements. 1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard for a Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue (SAR) Crew Chief (he......

Standard Guide for Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue 40;SAR41; Crew Chief

ASTM F1848-14 犬类搜索资源的标准分类系统

4.1 This standard may be used to classify canine search resources (commonly referred to as search dog teams or crews) for emergency management operations, including search and rescue and law enforcement missions. 4.2 Classification of canine search resources is based upon the training of the dog and its handler and their ability to perform specific tasks. 4.3 Canine search resources are classified by category, kind, and type. 4.4 A canine search resource may be more than one category. 4.5 A canine search resource may be more than one kind. 4.6 A particular kind of canine search resource can only be one type. 4.7 A canine search resource’s type can vary, depending on its kind. 1.1 This classification system defines canine search resources in terms of their training and capabilities. 1.2 This classifications system is intended to aid emergency managers ordering resources for search and rescue incidents. These classifications also provide a means by which dog handlers can convey to emergency management the tasks for which they, and their dogs, are trained. 1.3 This classification system does not define standards of performance or training for canine search resources.

Standard Classification System for Canine Search Resources

ASTM F2958-14 直升机内陆搜救(SAR)技师的标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes the minimum standard for training a Helicopter SAR Technician, who is a crewmember with focus on the general, field, and search and rescue specific knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to function within a helicopter in support of an inland search and rescue operation. A person trained to this guide shall be recognized as a Helicopter SAR Technician crewmember. 4.2 Every person who is identified as a Helicopter SAR Technician shall meet the requirements of this guide. 4.3 This guide is to be used by individuals and authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs) that wish to identify the minimum training standards for Helicopter SAR Technician. 4.4 This guide is the first level of training for Helicopter SAR Ttechnician and as such, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required to perform during helicopter operations. 4.5 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating a Helicopter SAR Technician, and it can be used to develop a training document or program. 4.6 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by a Helicopter SAR Technician. 4.7 Though this guide establishes the minimum standards, it does not imply that a Helicopter SAR Technician is “in training,” “on probation,” or in any other similar AHJ member status. It is up to the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. 4.8 The knowledge, skills, and abilities requirements presented in the following sections are not presented in any particular order and do not represent any specific training sequence. 4.9 A Helicopter SAR Technician shall meet the ASTM standards for the environments for which the technician will be working and shall be able to interface with ground SAR resources. 4.9.1 In order to operate safely around or in a given sub-environment within this area of specialization (Helicopter SAR Technician), the AHJ shall consider the applicability of requiring additional knowledge, skills, and abilities specific to a problem, hazard, technical challenge or environment. 1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard for a helicopter inland search and rescue technician (hereafter known as Helicopter SAR Technician) with focus on the general, field, and search and rescue specific knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to function as a member of the crew with a helicopter in support of an inland search and rescue operation. 1.2 This guide is focused on inland, non-oceanic areas of operation, including flood and swiftwater rescue operations. 1.3

Standard Guide for Helicopter Inland Search and Rescue 40;SAR41; Technician

ASTM F2685-14 土地查册团队领导者(STL)训练的标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes the minimum knowledge, skills, and abilities that a person must have to perform as a Land Search Team Leader. No other skills are included or implied. 4.2 Every person who is identified as a Land Search Team Leader shall have met the requirements of this guide. 4.3 This guide is to be used by individuals, organizations, and agencies that wish to identify the minimum training required for a Land Search Team Leader. 4.3.1 Determining the requirements and qualifications for team members is the responsibility of the AHJ. 4.3.2 The AHJ shall determine the depth or detail of training required to meet these needs. 4.3.3 Nothing in this standard precludes an AHJ from requiring additional knowledge, skills, or abilities for its members. 4.4 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide specific information needed by an STL or AHJ. 4.5 This guide can be used to evaluate a book or other document to determine if its content meets the necessary topics for training an STL. Likewise, the guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to see if it meets the requirements in this guide. 4.6 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating a Land Search Team Leader. 4.7 The knowledge, skills, and abilities defined in this guide are not presented in any particular order and do not represent a training sequence. 4.8 A Land Search Team Leader shall document his or her training by completion of a position task book, compliant with Guide F3068, or by field demonstration under qualified supervision. 4.9 Unless stated otherwise, an ability or proficiency in a skill shall be demonstrated for initial qualification and then as often as required by the AHJ. 4.10 Except where a physical skill or ability must be demonstrated the AHJ shall determine the best way to evaluate a person’s knowledge. This may be by written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or by some combination of the three. 1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard for Land Search Team Leaders as it relates to their general, field, and search-specific knowledge, skills, and experience. 1.2 A Land Search Team Leader searches on the surface of the land only, including urban or disaster areas that may be isolated or have lost supporting infrastructure. 1.3 This guide does not provide the minimum training requirements for searching in partially or fully collapsed structures, in or on water, in confined spaces, or underground (such as in caves, mines, and tunnels). 1.4 No knots, rope, litter, or other rescue skills are required of a Land Search Team Leader. 1.5 A Land Search Team Leader can be utilized as a field team leader, a single resource for sign cutting, a support person for a canine search team, and to establish search area boundaries......

Standard Guide for Training of a Land Search Team Leader 40;STL41;

ASTM E1020-13e1 可能涉及刑事或民事诉讼的事件报告标准实施规程

3.1 This practice is intended to provide a complete written account of the case at hand in such a fashion as to allow another individual to interpret the particulars of the incident. 3.2 This practice is suggested for documenting transitory conditions and data that may change shortly after an incident and be lost forever if not properly and promptly documented. 3.3 The primary use of this practice is to preserve pertinent information for use by technical experts and other technical personnel who may be called upon to reconstruct the events surrounding the incident. 1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and preservation of information and physical evidence and the preparation of a documentation report relative to any incident(s) involving personal injury, property damage, commercial loss, or criminal acts which may reasonably be expected to be the subject of litigation. 1.2 The approach outlined is recommended as good professional practice even though the facts and issues of each situation require specific consideration, and may involve matters not expressly dealt with herein. Not every portion of this document may be applicable to every incident or investigation. It is up to the individual preparing the report to apply the appropriate recommended procedures in this guide to a particular incident or investigation. In addition, it is recognized that time and resource limitations or existing policies may limit the degree to which the recommendations in this document will be applied in a given investigation. The responsibility of the individual preparing the report (or anyone who handles or examines evidence) for evidence preservation, and the scope of that responsibility varies based on such factors as the jurisdiction, the status of the individual as a public official or private sector investigator, indications of criminal conduct, and applicable laws and regulations. 1.2.1 This practice does not apply to laboratory analysis reports. 1.2.2 If compliance with this standard is claimed, justifications for any deviations from this standard must be documented.

Standard Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation

ASTM E2915-13 紧急行动中心 (EOC) 管理的标准指南

5.1 Coordination of response and recovery support cannot be performed well if the EOC team lacks an appropriate operating environment. An operating environment that increases stress in staff or hinders the ability to perform basic tasks will ultimately degrade the effectiveness of the EOC team. EOC management must be accomplished in parallel with incident management support and should be transparent to the EOC team. EOC management must also be consistent with and support the incident management system used by the EOC team (for example, the Incident Command System mandated for use in the United States under the National Incident Management System). Effecitve EOC management can be attributed to good preplanning and related training. This guide provides the emergency management community with practical concepts and approaches for effective EOC management. 1.1 This guide provides general guidelines for the management of an emergency operations center (EOC) prior to, during, and after activation for emergency or disaster support. 1.2 An EOC is where the coordination of response and recovery support is performed, but the EOC is also a physical location that generates its own demands. For the EOC team to perform effectively, the physical and organizational demands of the EOC as a facility must be met. EOC management is distinct from the operational management of the incident. 1.3 This guide may also serve as a foundation for management of a smaller facility such as a department operations center (DOC), larger facilities such as a regional operations center (ROC), or state operations center (SOC) with a broader area of responsibility and more extensive need to communicate and coordinate with others. 1.4 This guide applies to fixed facilities and does not specifically address portable or field-deployable EOCs at temporary locations, virtual EOCs using communications technology to link geographically separated participants, or EOC relocation under a Continuity of Operations Plan (COOP). However, elements within this document will apply to these situations. 1.5 This guide is the second in a series regarding the EOC. For the Standard Guide for EOC Development, see Guide E2668. 1.6 This document includes some references and terminology specific to the United States of America but may be adapted for use elsewhere. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Guide for Emergency Operations Center (EOC) Management

ASTM F3048-13 水流/洪水搜索和救援操作用标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes a framework within which swiftwater/flood SAR operations shall be conducted. 4.2 Every person, agency, and organization that responds to, or participates in, swiftwater/flood SAR operations should operate within the framework established by this guide. 4.3 This guide and the framework it establishes should be used in conjunction with established and authorized guidelines and procedures mandated by an AHJ. 4.4 The AHJ shall determine which personnel, agencies, and/or organizations are qualified and authorized to participate in swiftwater/flood SAR operations. 4.5 This guide is to be used by individuals and AHJ that wish to perform swiftwater/flood SAR operations as part of the NIMS/ICS. 4.6 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to safely and effectively perform swiftwater/flood SAR operations. 4.7 The AHJ will determine the evaluation process to assess the extent to which the requirements of this standard are met. 4.8 Because operations in the swiftwater/flood environment are inherently dangerous, and individuals involved are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional and national safety standards should be included in agency policies and procedures. 4.9 Swiftwater/flood personnel should only perform activities in the swiftwater environment after a thorough risk assessment and appropriate risk mitigation efforts (e.g. use of personal protective equipment (PPE), restricting efforts to shore-based techniques, delaying a recovery until more favorable water conditions exist, etc.) have been performed, or at the very least, should follow the appropriate federal, state, tribal, provincial, and local safety standards as they apply to activities in swiftwater environments. 1.1 This guide establishes a framework within which swiftwater/flood Search and Rescue (SAR) operations shall be conducted as part of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)/ Incident Command System (ICS). 1.2 The requirements of this guide shall apply to individuals, agencies, and organizations that respond to swiftwater/flood SAR operations, including those not regulated by government mandates. 1.3 This document does not define the specific training required for personnel involved in swiftwater/flood SAR operations. Refer to local, state, federal, public, and private swiftwater rescue certification and operations courses that satisfy the existing authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) requirements. 1.4 This guide includes references more common to the United States of America, but may be adapted for use elsewhere. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use or as defined within a (regional or geographical) response region or by the AHJ.

Standard Guide for Swiftwater/Flood Search and Rescue Operations

ASTM E1020-13 可能涉及刑事或民事诉讼的事件报告标准实施规程

3.1 This practice is intended to provide a complete written account of the case at hand in such a fashion as to allow another individual to interpret the particulars of the incident. 3.2 This practice is suggested for documenting transitory conditions and data that may change shortly after an incident and be lost forever if not properly and promptly documented. 3.3 The primary use of this practice is to preserve pertinent information for use by technical experts and other technical personnel who may be called upon to reconstruct the events surrounding the incident. 1.1 This practice covers guidelines for the collection and preservation of information and physical evidence and the preparation of a documentation report relative to any incident(s) involving personal injury, property damage, commercial loss, or criminal acts which may reasonably be expected to be the subject of litigation. 1.2 The approach outlined is recommended as good professional practice even though the facts and issues of each situation require specific consideration, and may involve matters not expressly dealt with herein. Not every portion of this document may be applicable to every incident or investigation. It is up to the individual preparing the report to apply the appropriate recommended procedures in this guide to a particular incident or investigation. In addition, it is recognized that time and resource limitations or existing policies may limit the degree to which the recommendations in this document will be applied in a given investigation. The responsibility of the individual preparing the report (or anyone who handles or examines evidence) for evidence preservation, and the scope of that responsibility varies based on such factors as the jurisdiction, the status of the individual as a public official or private sector investigator, indications of criminal conduct, and applicable laws and regulations. 1.2.1 This practice does not apply to laboratory analysis reports. 1.2.2 If compliance with this standard is claimed, justifications for any deviations from this standard must be documented.

Standard Practice for Reporting Incidents that May Involve Criminal or Civil Litigation

ASTM F3048-13e1 水流/洪水搜索和救援操作用标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes a framework within which swiftwater/flood SAR operations shall be conducted. 4.2 Every person, agency, and organization that responds to, or participates in, swiftwater/flood SAR operations should operate within the framework established by this guide. 4.3 This guide and the framework it establishes should be used in conjunction with established and authorized guidelines and procedures mandated by an AHJ. 4.4 The AHJ shall determine which personnel, agencies, and/or organizations are qualified and authorized to participate in swiftwater/flood SAR operations. 4.5 This guide is to be used by individuals and AHJ that wish to perform swiftwater/flood SAR operations as part of the NIMS/ICS. 4.6 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to safely and effectively perform swiftwater/flood SAR operations. 4.7 The AHJ will determine the evaluation process to assess the extent to which the requirements of this standard are met. 4.8 Because operations in the swiftwater/flood environment are inherently dangerous, and individuals involved are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional and national safety standards should be included in agency policies and procedures. 4.9 Swiftwater/flood personnel should only perform activities in the swiftwater environment after a thorough risk assessment and appropriate risk mitigation efforts (e.g. use of personal protective equipment (PPE), restricting efforts to shore-based techniques, delaying a recovery until more favorable water conditions exist, etc.) have been performed, or at the very least, should follow the appropriate federal, state, tribal, provincial, and local safety standards as they apply to activities in swiftwater environments. 1.1 This guide establishes a framework within which swiftwater/flood Search and Rescue (SAR) operations shall be conducted as part of the National Incident Management System (NIMS)/ Incident Command System (ICS). 1.2 The requirements of this guide shall apply to individuals, agencies, and organizations that respond to swiftwater/flood SAR operations, including those not regulated by government mandates. 1.3 This document does not define the specific training required for personnel involved in swiftwater/flood SAR operations. Refer to local, state, federal, public, and private swiftwater rescue certification and operations courses that satisfy the existing authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) requirements. 1.4 This guide includes references more common to the United States of America, but may be adapted for use elsewhere. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use or as defined within a (regional or geographical) response region or by the AHJ.

Standard Guide for Swiftwater/Flood Search and Rescue Operations

ASTM F2890-12 搜救人员风险意识的标准指南

1.1. 3.2 This guide may be used by individuals and AHJs that wish to identify the minimum training standards for land-based personnel operating in and around these areas and operations. 3.3 A person trained to this guide is considered to be aware of the hazards and risks associated with these areas and operations. 3.4 A person trained solely to this guide is not considered a ???searcher??? or ???rescuer,??? or both. 3.5 This guide may be used to augment other training for a searcher or rescuer, or both. 3.6 This guide by itself is not a training document. It is only an outline of some of the topics required for training or evaluating a searcher and/or rescuer, although it can be used to develop a training document or program. 3.7 It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the depth or detail of training needed to meet its training requirements. 3.8 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements. 3.9 This guide does not stand alone but must be used with the reference documents to provide the specific minimum training needed by a ground searcher and/or rescuer operating in these areas. 3.10 This guide can be used as a reference for training of searchers or rescuers, or both. 3.11 The information presented in the following sections is not in any particular order and does not represent a training sequence. 3.12 It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the evaluation process to assess a person???s knowledge. This may be by written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or some other means specified by the AHJ. 1.1 This guide is intended for training those who normally work in natural environments, solely subject to terrain and weather-related risks, who may be asked to respond to, or who may encounter, the operations defined in 1.2. 1.2 This guide identifies and describes hazardous situations and environments, and the associated risks affecting search and rescue personnel who may be working on or around the following: 1.2.1 Landsearch; 1.2.2 Land rescue;

Standard Guide for Hazard Awareness for Search and Rescue Personnel

ASTM F2955-12 III级绳索救援 (R3) 救援者认可的标准指南

1.1 Every person who is identified as an endorsed LRT-R3 Rescuer shall have met the requirements of this guide. 4.1.2 This guide is only the third level of training for rope rescue personnel and, in conjunction with Guides F2209, F2751, F2752, and F2954, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required for a person to perform or lead advanced rope rescue. No other advanced skills are included or implied. 4.1.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, an endorsed LRT-R3 Rescuer shall also be adequately trained to operate effectively and safely in the environment in which he is expected to work (that is, wilderness, urban, industrial, and so forth). 4.1.4 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members. 4.2 Endorsement to Level III Rope Rescue (LRT-R3 Rescuer) is an indication that a person possesses adequate field skills and knowledge to make mission-critical decisions. A person so endorsed is qualified to support or direct a rope rescue team in an area with high fall exposure and/or falling hazard potential, including high angle environments. 4.3 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It is only an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an endorsed LRT-R3 Rescuer. It may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program. 4.3.1 This guide does not stand alone. It must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by an endorsed LRT-R3 Rescuer or for an AHJ to properly evaluate a training program or text. 4.4 Though this guide establishes only minimum standards, it does not imply that an endorsed LRT-R3 Rescuer is a ???trainee,??? ???probationary,??? or other similar term member of an organization. It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. 4.5 Because technical rope rescue is inherently dangerous, and rope rescuers are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional and national safety standards shall be included in agency and organizatio..........

Standard Guide for Training for Level III Rope Rescue (R3) Rescuer Endorsement

ASTM E2853-12 评估应急响应机器人能力的标准试验方法: 人类系统交互 (HSI): 搜索任务: 复杂地形条件下的随机能力

A main purpose of using robots in emergency response operations is to enhance the safety and effectiveness of emergency responders operating in hazardous or inaccessible environments. The testing results of the candidate robot shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the robot is able to perform the specified types of tasks and thus provide emergency responders sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the robot. This test method addresses robot performance requirements expressed by emergency responders and representatives from other interested organizations. Robot performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the robotic system’s capabilities. Having available a roster of successfully tested robots with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions for emergency responders is consistent with the guideline of “Governments at all levels have a responsibility to develop detailed, robust, all-hazards response plans” as stated in National Response Framework. This test method is part of a test suite and is intended to provide a capability baseline for the robotic HSI subsystems based on the identified needs of the emergency response community. Adequate performance using this test suite will not ensure successful operation in all emergency response situations due to possible extreme operational difficulties. Rather, this test method is intended to provide a common comparison of technologies against a reasonable simulation of emergency response environments and to provide quantitative performance data to emergency response organizations to aid in choosing appropriate systems. This standard is also intended to encourage development of improved and innovative communications systems for use on emergency response robots. The standard apparatus is specified to be easily fabricated to facilitate self-evaluation by robot developers and provide practice tasks for emergency responders that exercise robot actuators, sensors, and operator interfaces. The standard apparatus can also be used to support operator training and to establish operator proficiency. Although the test method was developed first for emergency response robots, it may be applicable to other operational domains, such as law enforcement and armed services.1.1 Purpose: 1.1.1 The purpose of this test method, as a part of a suite of human-system interactions (HSI) test methods, is to quantitatively evaluate a teleoperated ground robot’s (see Terminology E2521) capability of searching in a maze. 1.1.2 Teleoperated robots shall possess a certain set of HSI capabilities to suit critical operations such as emergency responses, including enabling the operators to search for required targets. A passage that forms on complex terrains and possesses complex and visually similar branches is a type of environments that exists in emergency response and other robotically applicable situations. The complexity often poses challenges for the operators to teleoperate the robots to conduct searches. This test method is based on a standard maze and specifies metrics and a procedure for testing the search capability. 1.1.3 Emergency response robots shall enable the operator to handle many types of tasks. The required HSI capabilities include search and navigation on different types of terrains, passages, and confined spaces. Standard test methods are required to evaluate whether candidate robots meet these requirements. 1.1.4 ASTM E54.08.01 Task Group on Robotics specifies a HSI tes......

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Emergency Response Robot Capabilities: Human-System Interaction (HSI): Search Tasks: Random Mazes with Complex Terrain

ASTM F2954-12 II级绳索救援 (R2) 救援者认可的标准指南

1.1 Every person who is identified as an endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer shall have met the requirements of this guide. 4.1.2 This guide is only the second level of training for rope rescue personnel and, in conjunction with Guides F2209 and F2752, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required for a person to perform intermediate rope rescue. No other advanced skills are included or implied. 4.1.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, an endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer shall also be adequately trained to operate effectively and safely in the environment in which he is expected to work (that is, wilderness, urban, industrial, and so forth). 4.1.4 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members. 4.2 Endorsement to Level II Rope Rescue (LRT-R2 Rescuer) is not an indication that a person possesses adequate field skills or knowledge to make mission-critical decisions. However, under authorized supervision, a person so endorsed is qualified to support a rope rescue team in an area with high fall exposure and/or falling hazard potential, including high angle environments. 4.3 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It is only an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer. It may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program. 4.3.1 This guide does not stand alone. It must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by an endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer or for an AHJ to properly evaluate a training program or text. 4.4 Though this guide establishes only minimum standards, it does not imply that an endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer is a ???trainee,??? ???probationary,??? or other similar term member of an organization. It is the responsibility of the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. 4.5 Because technical rope rescue is inherently dangerous, and rope rescuers are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional and national safety standards shall be included in agency and organization policies and procedures. An endorsed LRT-R2 Rescuer shall complete all activities based on an analysis of risk versus benefit, and shall fol..........

Standard Guide for Training for Level II Rope Rescue (R2) Rescuer Endorsement

ASTM E2801-11 评估应急响应机器人性能(应对有限区域内的障碍物(沟堑)时的灵活性)的标准试验方法

A main purpose of using robots in emergency response operations is to enhance the safety and effectiveness of emergency responders operating in hazardous or inaccessible environments. The testing results of the candidate robot shall describe, in a statistically significant way, how reliably the robot is able to negotiate the specified types of obstacles, and thus provide emergency responders sufficiently high levels of confidence to determine the applicability of the robot. This test method addresses robot performance requirements expressed by emergency responders and representatives from other interested organizations. The performance data captured within this test method are indicative of the testing robot’s capabilities. Having available a roster of successfully tested robots with associated performance data to guide procurement and deployment decisions for emergency responders is consistent with the guideline of “Governments at all levels have a responsibility to develop detailed, robust, all-hazards response plans” as stated in National Response Framework. This test apparatus is scalable to constrain robot maneuverability during task performance for a range of robot sizes in confined areas associated with emergency response operations. Variants of the apparatus provide minimum lateral clearance of 2.4 m (8 ft) for robots expected to operate around the environments such as cluttered city streets, parking lots, and building lobbies; minimum lateral clearance of 1.2 m (4 ft) for robots expected to operate in and around the environments such as large buildings, stairwells, and urban sidewalks; minimum lateral clearance of 0.6 m (2 ft) for robots expected to operate within the environments such as dwellings and work spaces, buses and airplanes, and semi-collapsed structures; minimum lateral clearance of less than 0.6 m (2 ft) with a minimum vertical clearance adjustable from 0.6 m (2 ft) to 10 cm (4 in.) for robots expected to deploy through breeches and operate within sub-human size confined spaces voids in collapsed structures. The standard apparatus is specified to be easily fabricated to facilitate self-evaluation by robot developers and provide practice tasks for emergency responders that exercise robot actuators, sensors, and operator interfaces. The standard apparatus can also be used to support operator training and establish operator proficiency. 5.5 Although the test method was developed first for emergency response robots, it may be applicable to other operational domains.1.1 Purpose: 1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to quantitatively evaluate a teleoperated ground robot’s (see Terminology E2521) capability of crossing horizontal gaps in confined areas. 1.1.2 Robots shall possess a certain set of mobility capabilities, including negotiating obstacles, to suit critical operations such as emergency responses. A horizontal gap with an unknown edge condition is a type of obstacle that exists in emergency response and other environments. These environments often pose constraints to robotic mobility to various degrees. This test method specifies apparatuses, procedures, and metrics to standardize this testing. 1.1.3 The test apparatuses are scalable to provide a range of lateral dimensions to constrain the robotic mobility during task performance. Fig. 1 shows three apparatus sizes to test robots intended for different emergency response scenarios. 1.1.4 Emergency response ground robots shall be able to handle many types of obstacles and terrain complexities. The required mobi......

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Emergency Response Robot Capabilities: Mobility: Confined Area Obstacles: Gaps

ASTM E2771-11e1 国土安全应用相关标准术语

3.1 In this terminology, definitions used in other ASTM International standards are indicated by following the definition with the designation of the subcommittee responsible for that standard. 1.1 This terminology provides definitions and abbreviations of terms used in ASTM International standards pertaining to homeland security applications.

Standard Terminology for Homeland Security Applications

ASTM E2771-11 国土安全应用程序的标准术语

In this terminology, definitions used in other ASTM International standards are indicated by following the definition with the designation of the subcommittee responsible for that standard.1.1 This terminology provides definitions and abbreviations of terms used in ASTM International standards pertaining to homeland security applications.

Standard Terminology for Homeland Security Applications

ASTM F2751-09 后备级陆上救援小组成员(LRT支援)培训的标准指南

This guide establishes the minimum standard for training Land Rescue Team Members as it relates to their general, field, and rescue-specific knowledge and skills. A person trained to this guide is a Support Level Land Rescue Team Member (LRT-Support Member). Every person who is identified as an LRT-Support Member shall have met the requirements of this guide. This guide is to be used by individuals and Agencies Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) that wish to identify the minimum training standards for LRT-Support Members. This guide is only the first level of training for land rescue personnel and, in conjunction with Guide F 2209, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required for a person to perform basic evacuation type rescue of a subject. No rope rescue or other advanced skills are included or implied. Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members. Additional skill set-specific endorsements may be used in conjunction with this document to classify rescue personnel to more specific rescue disciplines. This guide by itself is not a training document. It is only an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an LRT-Support Member, although it can be used to develop a training document or program. It is up to the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) to determine the depth or detail of training to meet its needs. This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by a particular LRT-Support Member or AHJ. Though this guide establishes the minimum standards, it does not imply that a (SLLRT) Member is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an AHJ. It is up to the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. Because technical rescue is inherently dangerous and Land Rescue Team Members are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional and national safety standards shall be included in agency policies and procedures. Land Rescue Team Members shall complete all activities in the safest possible manner and shall follow national, federal, state, provincial, and local safety standards as they apply to the Land Rescue Team Member. This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content meets the necessary topics for training an LRT-Support Member. Likewise, the guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to see if it meets the requirements of this guide. The knowledge and skills requirements presented in the following sections are not presented in any particular order and do not represent a training sequence. Except where a physical skill needs to be shown, it is up to the AHJ to determine the best way to evaluate a person''s knowledge. This may be by written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or by some combination of the three.1.1 This guide establishes the minimum training standard for LRT-Support Members as it relates to their general, field, and rescue-specific knowledge and skills. This document may appropriately be used to develop or evaluate a training document or program. 1.2 An LRT-Support Member rescues on the surface of the land only, including wilderness, mountainous, desert, or remote environments. This guide alone does not provide the minimum training requirements for rescuing in the high angle environment, partially or fully collapsed structures, in or on water, in confined spaces, or underground (such as caves, mines, and tunnels). 1.2.1 An LRT-Support Member is required to have knowledge and skill sets pertaining to the evacuation/......

Standard Guide for Training of Support Level Land Rescue Team Member (LRT-Support) Member

ASTM F2752-09(2014) I级绳索救援 (R1) 救援者认可的标准指南

4.1 This guide establishes a minimum standard for training Rope Rescuers as it relates to their general, field, and rope rescue specific knowledge and skills. A person trained to this guide is an endorsed Level I Rope Rescuer (LRT-R1 Rescuer). 4.1.1 Every person who is identified as an endorsed LRT-R1 Rescuer shall have met the requirements of this guide. 4.1.2 This guide is only the first level of training for rope rescue personnel and, in conjunction with Guide F2209, only establishes the minimum knowledge and skills required for a person to perform basic rope rescue of a subject. No other advanced skills are included or implied. 4.1.3 In addition to meeting the requirements of this guide, an LRT-R1 Rescuer shall also be adequately trained in the environment in which he is expected to work (i.e., wilderness, urban, etc.) 4.1.4 Nothing in this guide precludes an AHJ from adding additional requirements for its own members. 4.2 Endorsement to Level I Rope Rescue (LRT-R1 Rescuer) is not an indication that personnel possess adequate field skills or knowledge to make mission-critical decisions. These personnel are qualified to work primarily in terrain with limited exposure and hazard potential. 4.3 This guide by itself is not a complete training document. It is only an outline of the topics required for training or evaluating an endorsed LRT-R1 Rescuer. It may, however, be used in the development of, or as part of, a complete training document or program. 4.3.1 This guide does not stand alone and must be used with the referenced documents to provide the specific information needed by an endorsed LRT-R1 Rescuer or AHJ. 4.4 Though this guide establishes only minimum standards, it does not imply that an endorsed LRT-R1 Rescuer is a “trainee,” “probationary,” or other similar term member of an AHJ. It is up to the AHJ to determine the requirements and qualifications for member ratings. 4.5 Because technical rope rescue is inherently dangerous and Rope Rescuers are frequently required to perform rigorous activities in adverse conditions, regional, and national safety standards shall be included in agency policies and procedures. Rope Rescuers shall complete all activities in the safest possible manner and shall follow national, federal, state, provincial, and local safety standards as they apply to the Rope Rescuer. 4.6 This guide can be used to evaluate a document to determine if its content meets the necessary topics for training an endorsed LRT-R1 Rescuer. Likewise, the guide can be used to evaluate an existing training program to see if it meets the requirements of this guide. 4.7 The knowledge and skills requirements in the following sections are not presented in any particular order and do not represent a training sequence. 4.8 Except where a physical skill needs to be shown, it is up to the AHJ to determine the best way to evaluate a person's knowledge. This may be by written exam, oral exam, demonstration, or by some combination of the three. 1.1 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction......

Standard Guide for Training for Level I Rope Rescue 40;R141; Rescuer Endorsement

ASTM E2682-09(2014) 医疗转录部门和事务用灾难恢复方案开发的标准指南

4.1 This guide acknowledges the importance of a well-designed disaster recovery plan that will protect health information and business information from damage, minimize disruption, ensure integrity of data, and provide for orderly recovery. 4.2 This guide suggests methods to protect the confidentiality and security of healthcare documentation during a disaster. 4.3 It is intended that this guide will contribute to compliance with laws and regulations to improve protection of health information documentation and data integrity with the development of the contingency plan requirement. 4.4 This guide will explain key points to include in preparing a disaster recovery plan to resume operations and minimize losses due to unscheduled interruption of critical services if a disaster would occur. 4.5 This guide is intended to assist in the development of appropriate policies and procedures that provide protection for individually identifiable health information in a secure environment in the event of a disaster. 1.1 This guide applies across multiple medical transcription settings in which healthcare documents are generated and stored: medical transcription departments, home offices, and medical transcription service organizations (MTSOs). Currently there is no standard disaster recovery plan in the medical transcription industry to provide guidelines for individuals, departments, and businesses to use for designing a disaster recovery plan for their medical transcription environment. 1.2 A disaster is when a sudden event brings great damage, loss, destruction, or interruption of critical services. These guidelines could assist in developing an organized response to reduce the time for loss of services, maintain continuity of workflow, and speed the overall business recovery process. 1.3 This guide supports the HIPAA Security Rule for ensuring data integrity with a contingency plan to include a data backup plan, a disaster recovery plan, and an emergency mode operational plan.2 1.4 This guide is consistent with the requirement for disaster planning and recovery procedures as stated in Guide E1959. 1.5 This guide is not intended as a disaster recovery plan for Health Information Management Departments or for an entire healthcare facility.

Standard Guide for Developing a Disaster Recovery Plan for Medical Transcription Departments and Businesses