17.200.10 热、量热学 标准查询与下载

ASTM C1114-06(2019) 用薄加热器装置测定稳态热传输特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the steadystate thermal transmission properties of flat-slab specimens of thermal insulation using a thin heater of uniform power density having low lateral heat flow. A thin heater with low lateral thermal conductance can reduce unwanted lateral heat flow and avoid the need for active-edge guarding. 1.2 This primary test method of thermal-transmission measurement describes a principle, rather than a particular apparatus. The principle involves determination of the thermal flux across a specimen of known thickness and the temperatures of the hot and cold faces of the specimen. 1.3 Considerable latitude is given to the designer of the apparatus in this test method; since a variety of designs is possible, a procedure for qualifying an apparatus is given in 5.3. 1.4 The specimens must meet the following conditions if thermal resistance or thermal conductance of the specimen is to be determined by this test method2 : 1.4.1 The portion of the specimen over the isothermal area of the heater must accurately represent the whole specimen. 1.4.2 The remainder of the specimen should not distort the heat flow in that part of the specimen defined in 1.4.1. 1.4.3 The specimen shall be thermally homogeneous such that the thermal conductivity is not a function of the position within the sample, but rather may be a function of direction, time, and temperature. The specimen shall be free of holes, of high-density volumes, and of thermal bridges between the test surfaces or the specimen edges. 1.4.4 Test Method C177 describes tests that can help ascertain whether conditions of 1.4 are satisfied. For the purposes of this test method, differences in the measurements of less than 2 % may be considered insignificant, and the requirements fulfilled. 1.5 The specimens shall meet one of the following requirements, in addition to those of 1.4. 1.5.1 If homogeneous materials as defined in Terminology C168 are tested, then the thermal resistivity and thermal conductivity can be determined by this test method. 1.5.2 If materials which are layered or otherwise thermally inhomogeneous are tested, thermal resistance and thermal conductance can be determined by this test method. 1.6 Two versions of thin-heater apparatus using the same principle of the standard are described in Annex A1 and Annex A2. They are similar in concept but differ in size and construction, and hence warrant separate descriptions for each design. This test method in no way limits the size of the thin-heater element. One of the units described uses a thin metal foil, while the other uses a metal screen as the heat source. The smaller, foil apparatus is designed to make rapid measurements of heat transmission through specimens as thin as 0.5 cm and as thick as 2 cm; however, an apparatus using a foil heater could be designed to measure much thicker materials, if desired. The larger, screen apparatus is designed to measure specimens with thicknesses between 3 and 15 cm, where the exact limits depend on the thermal resistance of the specimens. Both apparatuses use thermocouples for measuring temperature, but other temperature-sensing systems can be used. 1.7 This test method covers the theory and principles of the measurement technique. It does not provide details of construction other than those required to illustrate two devices which meet the prescribed requirements. Detailed information is available in References (1-23)3 and the Adjunct. 1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on Thermal Measurement. Current edition approved March 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C1114 – 06 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/C1114-06R19. 2 Further discussion on the definition of these limitations may be found in Tye, R. P., “What Property Do We Measure?,” Heat Transmission Measurements in Thermal Insulations, ASTM STP 544, ASTM, 1974, pp 5–12. 3 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this test method. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus

ASTM C1043-19 使用圆线热源的防护热板设计的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the design of a circular line-heatsource guarded hot plate for use in accordance with Test Method C177. NOTE 1—Test Method C177 describes the guarded-hot-plate apparatus and the application of such equipment for determining thermal transmission properties of flat-slab specimens. In principle, the test method includes apparatus designed with guarded hot plates having either distributedor line-heat sources. 1.2 The guarded hot plate with circular line-heat sources is a design in which the meter and guard plates are circular plates having a relatively small number of heaters, each embedded along a circular path at a fixed radius. In operation, the heat from each line-heat source flows radially into the plate and is transmitted axially through the test specimens. 1.3 The meter and guard plates are fabricated from a continuous piece of thermally conductive material. The plates are made sufficiently thick that, for typical specimen thermal conductances, the radial and axial temperature variations in the guarded hot plate are quite small. By proper location of the line-heat source(s), the temperature at the edge of the meter plate is made equal to the mean temperature of the meter plate, thus facilitating temperature measurements and thermal guarding. 1.4 The line-heat-source guarded hot plate has been used successfully over a mean temperature range from − 10 to + 65°C, with circular metal plates and a single line-heat source in the meter plate. The chronological development of the design of circular line-heat-source guarded hot plates is given in Refs (1-9).2 NOTE 2—Detailed drawings and descriptions for the construction of two line-heat-source guarded-hot-plate apparatuses are available in the adjunct.3 1.5 This practice does not preclude (1) lower or higher temperatures; (2) plate geometries other than circular; (3) line-heat-source geometries other than circular; (4) the use of plates fabricated from ceramics, composites, or other materials; or (5) the use of multiple line-heat sources in both the meter and guard plates. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Guarded-Hot-Plate Design Using Circular Line-Heat Sources

ASTM E3174-19 用差示扫描量热法测定动力学反应模型的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Determination of Kinetic Reaction Model Using Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM C177-19 用防护热板装置测量稳态热通量和热传输特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method establishes the criteria for the laboratory measurement of the steady-state heat flux through flat, homogeneous specimen(s) when their surfaces are in contact with solid, parallel boundaries held at constant temperatures using the guarded-hot-plate apparatus. 1.2 The test apparatus designed for this purpose is known as a guarded-hot-plate apparatus and is a primary (or absolute) method. This test method is comparable, but not identical, to ISO 8302. 1.3 This test method sets forth the general design requirements necessary to construct and operate a satisfactory guarded-hot-plate apparatus. It covers a wide variety of apparatus constructions, test conditions, and operating conditions. Detailed designs conforming to this test method are not given but must be developed within the constraints of the general requirements. Examples of analysis tools, concepts and procedures used in the design, construction, calibration and operation of a guarded-hot-plate apparatus are given in Refs (1-41).2 1.4 This test method encompasses both the single-sided and the double-sided modes of measurement. Both distributed and line source guarded heating plate designs are permitted. The user should consult the standard practices on the single-sided mode of operation, Practice C1044, and on the line source apparatus, Practice C1043, for further details on these heater designs. 1.5 The guarded-hot-plate apparatus can be operated with either vertical or horizontal heat flow. The user is cautioned however, since the test results from the two orientations may be different if convective heat flow occurs within the specimens. 1.6 Although no definitive upper limit can be given for the magnitude of specimen conductance that is measurable on a guarded-hot-plate, for practical reasons the specimen conductance should be less than 16 W/(m2 K). 1.7 This test method is applicable to the measurement of a wide variety of specimens, ranging from opaque solids to porous or transparent materials, and a wide range of environmental conditions including measurements conducted at extremes of temperature and with various gases and pressures. 1.8 Inhomogeneities normal to the heat flux direction, such as layered structures, can be successfully evaluated using this test method. However, testing specimens with inhomogeneities in the heat flux direction, such as an insulation system with thermal bridges, can yield results that are location specific and shall not be attempted with this type of apparatus. See Test Method C1363 for guidance in testing these systems. 1.9 Calculations of thermal transmission properties based upon measurements using this method shall be performed in conformance with Practice C1045. 1.10 In order to ensure the level of precision and accuracy expected, persons applying this standard must possess a knowledge of the requirements of thermal measurements and testing practice and of the practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems. Detailed operating procedures, including design schematics and electrical drawings, should be available for each apparatus to ensure that tests are in accordance with this test method. In addition, automated data collecting and handling systems connected to the apparatus must be verified as to their accuracy. This can be done by calibration and inputting data sets, which have known results associated with them, into computer programs. 1.11 It is not practical for a test method of this type to establish details of design and construction and the procedures to cover all contingencies that might offer difficulties to a person without technical knowledge concerning theory of heat flow, temperature measurements and general testing practices. The user may also find it necessary, when repairing or 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on Thermal Measurement. Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C177 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0177-19. 2 The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 modifying the apparatus, to become a designer or builder, or both, on whom the demands for fundamental understanding and careful experimental technique are even greater. Standardization of this test method is not intended to restrict in any way the future development of new or improved apparatus or procedures. 1.12 This test method does not specify all details necessary for the operation of the apparatus. Decisions on sampling, specimen selection, preconditioning, specimen mounting and positioning, the choice of test conditions, and the evaluation of test data shall follow applicable ASTM Test Methods, Guides, Practices or Product Specifications or governmental regulations. If no applicable standard exists, sound engineering judgment that reflects accepted heat transfer principles must be used and documented. 1.13 This test method allows a wide range of apparatus design and design accuracy to be used in order to satisfy the requirements of specific measurement problems. Compliance with this test method requires a statement of the uncertainty of each reported variable in the report. A discussion of the significant error factors involved is included. 1.14 Major sections within this test method are arranged as follows: Section Section Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Specimen Preparation and Conditioning 7 Procedure 8 Calculation of Results 9 Report 10 Precision and Bias 11 Keywords 12 Figures General Arrangement of the Mechanical Components of the GuardedHot-Plate Apparatus Fig. 1 Illustration of Heat Flow in the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus Fig.2 Example Report Form Fig. 3 Annexes Importance of Thickness A1.1 Measuring Thickness A1.2 Limitations Due to Apparatus A1.3 Limitations Due to Temperature A1.4 Limitations Due to Specimen A1.5 Random and Systematic Error Components A1.6 Error Components for Variables A1.7 Thermal Conductance or Thermal Resistance Error Analysis A1.8 Thermal Conductivity or Thermal Resistivity Error Analysis A1.9 Uncertainty Verification A1.10 1.15 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.16 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 22. 1.17 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

ASTM C177-19e1 用防护热板装置进行稳态热通量测量和热传输财产的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method establishes the criteria for the laboratory measurement of the steady-state heat flux through flat, homogeneous specimen(s) when their surfaces are in contact with solid, parallel boundaries held at constant temperatures using the guarded-hot-plate apparatus. 1.2 The test apparatus designed for this purpose is known as a guarded-hot-plate apparatus and is a primary (or absolute) method. This test method is comparable, but not identical, to ISO 8302. 1.3 This test method sets forth the general design requirements necessary to construct and operate a satisfactory guarded-hot-plate apparatus. It covers a wide variety of apparatus constructions, test conditions, and operating conditions. Detailed designs conforming to this test method are not given but must be developed within the constraints of the general requirements. Examples of analysis tools, concepts and procedures used in the design, construction, calibration and operation of a guarded-hot-plate apparatus are given in Refs (1-41).2 1.4 This test method encompasses both the single-sided and the double-sided modes of measurement. Both distributed and line source guarded heating plate designs are permitted. The user should consult the standard practices on the single-sided mode of operation, Practice C1044, and on the line source apparatus, Practice C1043, for further details on these heater designs. 1.5 The guarded-hot-plate apparatus can be operated with either vertical or horizontal heat flow. The user is cautioned however, since the test results from the two orientations may be different if convective heat flow occurs within the specimens. 1.6 Although no definitive upper limit can be given for the magnitude of specimen conductance that is measurable on a guarded-hot-plate, for practical reasons the specimen conductance should be less than 16 W/(m2 K). 1.7 This test method is applicable to the measurement of a wide variety of specimens, ranging from opaque solids to porous or transparent materials, and a wide range of environmental conditions including measurements conducted at extremes of temperature and with various gases and pressures. 1.8 Inhomogeneities normal to the heat flux direction, such as layered structures, can be successfully evaluated using this test method. However, testing specimens with inhomogeneities in the heat flux direction, such as an insulation system with thermal bridges, can yield results that are location specific and shall not be attempted with this type of apparatus. See Test Method C1363 for guidance in testing these systems. 1.9 Calculations of thermal transmission properties based upon measurements using this method shall be performed in conformance with Practice C1045. 1.10 In order to ensure the level of precision and accuracy expected, persons applying this standard must possess a knowledge of the requirements of thermal measurements and testing practice and of the practical application of heat transfer theory relating to thermal insulation materials and systems. Detailed operating procedures, including design schematics and electrical drawings, should be available for each apparatus to ensure that tests are in accordance with this test method. In addition, automated data collecting and handling systems connected to the apparatus must be verified as to their accuracy. This can be done by calibration and inputting data sets, which have known results associated with them, into computer programs. 1.11 It is not practical for a test method of this type to establish details of design and construction and the procedures 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.30 on Thermal Measurement. Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019. Published January 2019. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C177 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/C0177-19E01. 2 The boldface numbers given in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard. Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. to cover all contingencies that might offer difficulties to a person without technical knowledge concerning theory of heat flow, temperature measurements and general testing practices. The user may also find it necessary, when repairing or modifying the apparatus, to become a designer or builder, or both, on whom the demands for fundamental understanding and careful experimental technique are even greater. Standardization of this test method is not intended to restrict in any way the future development of new or improved apparatus or procedures. 1.12 This test method does not specify all details necessary for the operation of the apparatus. Decisions on sampling, specimen selection, preconditioning, specimen mounting and positioning, the choice of test conditions, and the evaluation of test data shall follow applicable ASTM Test Methods, Guides, Practices or Product Specifications or governmental regulations. If no applicable standard exists, sound engineering judgment that reflects accepted heat transfer principles must be used and documented. 1.13 This test method allows a wide range of apparatus design and design accuracy to be used in order to satisfy the requirements of specific measurement problems. Compliance with this test method requires a statement of the uncertainty of each reported variable in the report. A discussion of the significant error factors involved is included. 1.14 Major sections within this test method are arranged as follows: Section Section Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Specimen Preparation and Conditioning 7 Procedure 8 Calculation of Results 9 Report 10 Precision and Bias 11 Keywords 12 Figures General Arrangement of the Mechanical Components of the GuardedHot-Plate Apparatus Fig. 1 Illustration of Heat Flow in the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus Fig.2 Example Report Form Fig. 3 Annexes Importance of Thickness A1.1 Measuring Thickness A1.2 Limitations Due to Apparatus A1.3 Limitations Due to Temperature A1.4 Limitations Due to Specimen A1.5 Random and Systematic Error Components A1.6 Error Components for Variables A1.7 Thermal Conductance or Thermal Resistance Error Analysis A1.8 Thermal Conductivity or Thermal Resistivity Error Analysis A1.9 Uncertainty Verification A1.10 1.15 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.16 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 22. 1.17 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus

ASTM E1530-19 通过保护的热流量计技术评估材料的热传递阻力的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes a steady-state technique for the determination of the resistance to thermal transmission (thermal resistance) of materials having a thickness of less than 25 mm. Thermal conductivity may be determined for homogeneous opaque solid specimens (see Note 1). This test method is particularly useful for homogeneous, multilayer, and composite specimens having a thermal resistance in the range from 10 (cm)2 ·K·W-1 to 400 (cm)2 ·K·W-1 , which may be obtained from materials with an approximate thermal conductivity range 0.1 W·m-1 ·K-1 to 30 W·m-1 ·K-1 over the approximate temperature range from 150 K to 600 K. It can be used outside these ranges with reduced accuracy for thicker specimens and for thermal conductivity values up to 60 W·m-1 ·K-1 . NOTE 1—A body is considered homogeneous when the property to be measured is found to be independent of specimen dimensions. 1.2 This test method is similar in concept to Test Method C518, but is modified to accommodate smaller test specimens, having a higher thermal conductance. In addition, significant attention has been paid to ensure that the thermal resistance of contacting surfaces is minimized and reproducible. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Resistance to Thermal Transmission of Materials by the Guarded Heat Flow Meter Technique

ASTM E1862-14(2018) 用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿反射温度的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM E1933-14(2018) 用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿发射率的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM E1897-14(2018) 使用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿衰减介质透射率的标准实践

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Transmittance of an Attenuating Medium Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM F3340-18 用防护热板装置测定野营床垫热阻的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Thermal Resistance of Camping Mattresses Using a Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

ASTM E1824-18 使用热机械分析玻璃化转变温度的标准测试方法:张力法

Standard Test Method for Assignment of a Glass Transition Temperature Using Thermomechanical Analysis: Tension Method

ASTM E794-06(2018) 用热分析法测定熔化和结晶温度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of melting (and crystallization) temperatures of pure materials by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). 1.2 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable materials with well-defined melting temperatures. 1.3 The normal operating range is from −120 to 600°C for DSC and 25 to 1500°C for DTA. The temperature range can be extended depending upon the instrumentation used. 1.4 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to those in this test method may be used. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Melting And Crystallization Temperatures By Thermal Analysis

ASTM E2041-13(2018) 使用Borchardt和Daniels方法通过差示扫描量热计估计动力学参数的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius preexponential factor, and reaction order using the Borchardt and Daniels2 treatment of data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. This test method is applicable to the temperature range from 170 to 870 K (−100 to 600°C). 1.2 This treatment is applicable only to smooth exothermic reactions with no shoulders, discontinuous changes, or shifts in baseline. It is applicable only to reactions with reaction order n ≤ 2. It is not applicable to acceleratory reactions and, therefore, is not applicable to the determination of kinetic parameters for most thermoset curing reactions or to crystallization reactions. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This test method is similar, but not equivalent to, ISO 11357, Part 5, that contains provisions for additional information not supplied by this test method. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method

ASTM E793-06(2018) 用差示扫描量热法测定熔融和结晶焓的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the enthalpy (heat) of fusion (melting) and crystallization by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 1.2 This test method is applicable to solid samples in granular form or in any fabricated shape from which an appropriate specimen can be cut, or to liquid samples that crystallize within the range of the instrument. Note, however, that the results may be affected by the form and mass of the specimen, as well as by other experimental conditions. 1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from −120 to 600°C. The temperature range can be extended depending upon the instrumentation used. 1.4 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable materials with well defined endothermic or exothermic behavior. 1.5 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to those in this test method may also be used. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 The enthalpy of melting and crystallization portion of ISO 11357-3 is equivalent to this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM E2069-06(2018) 差示扫描量热仪冷却温度校准的标准测试方法

Standard Test Method for Temperature Calibration on Cooling of Differential Scanning Calorimeters

ASTM E3137/E3137M-18 热量计仪表的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines general specifications for heat meters. Heat meters are instruments that measure heat in heat exchange circuits in which energy is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a flowing liquid. 1.2 For this specification, the necessary elements of a heat meter consist of a sensor to measure flow of the heat-conveying liquid, a pair of temperature sensors that measure the temperature differential across the heat exchange circuit, and a device that receives input from the flow and temperature sensors and calculates energy. 1.3 Electrical safety is not a part of this specification. 1.4 Mechanical safety (including pressure safety) is not a part of this specification. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Heat Meter Instrumentation

ASTM E1269-11(2018) 用差示扫描量热法测定比热容量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific heat capacity by differential scanning calorimetry. 1.2 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable solids and liquids. 1.3 The normal operating range of the test is from − 100 to 600°C. The temperature range can be extended, depending upon the instrumentation and specimen holders used. 1.4 Computer or electronic-based instrumentation, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to this test method may be used. NOTE 1—Users of this test method are expressly advised that all such instruments or techniques may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine equivalency prior to use. 1.5 This test method is similar to ISO 11357–4, but contains additional methodology not found in that method. Additionally, ISO 11357–4 contains practices not found in this standard. This test method is similar to Japanese Industrial Standard K 7123, but contains additional methodology not found in that method. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM E2890-12(2018) 用Kissinger方法通过差示扫描量热法测定热不稳定材料的动力学参数的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Kinetic Parameters for Thermally Unstable Materials by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using the Kissinger Method

ASTM E967-18 差示扫描量热仪和差热分析仪温度校准的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the temperature calibration of differential thermal analyzers and differential scanning calorimeters over the temperature range from −40°C to +2000°C. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This test method is similar to ISO standard 11357–1. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyzers

ASTM E2070-13(2018) 使用等温方法的差示扫描量热法的动力学参数的标准测试方法

1.1 Test Methods A, B, and C determine kinetic parameters for activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction order using differential scanning calorimetry from a series of isothermal experiments over a small ( ≈10 K) temperature range. Test Method A is applicable to low nth order reactions. Test Methods B and C are applicable to accelerating reactions such as thermoset curing or pyrotechnic reactions and crystallization transformations in the temperature range from 300 to 900 K (nominally 30 to 630°C). These test methods are applicable only to these types of exothermic reactions when the thermal curves do not exhibit shoulders, double peaks, discontinuities or shifts in baseline. 1.2 Test Methods D and E also determines the activation energy of a set of time-to-event and isothermal temperature data generated by this or other procedures 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 These test methods are similar but not equivalent to ISO DIS 11357, Part 5, and provides more information than the ISO standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods