17.200.10 热、量热学 标准查询与下载

ASTM E1530-19 通过保护的热流量计技术评估材料的热传递阻力的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes a steady-state technique for the determination of the resistance to thermal transmission (thermal resistance) of materials having a thickness of less than 25 mm. Thermal conductivity may be determined for homogeneous opaque solid specimens (see Note 1). This test method is particularly useful for homogeneous, multilayer, and composite specimens having a thermal resistance in the range from 10 (cm)2 ·K·W-1 to 400 (cm)2 ·K·W-1 , which may be obtained from materials with an approximate thermal conductivity range 0.1 W·m-1 ·K-1 to 30 W·m-1 ·K-1 over the approximate temperature range from 150 K to 600 K. It can be used outside these ranges with reduced accuracy for thicker specimens and for thermal conductivity values up to 60 W·m-1 ·K-1 . NOTE 1—A body is considered homogeneous when the property to be measured is found to be independent of specimen dimensions. 1.2 This test method is similar in concept to Test Method C518, but is modified to accommodate smaller test specimens, having a higher thermal conductance. In addition, significant attention has been paid to ensure that the thermal resistance of contacting surfaces is minimized and reproducible. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Resistance to Thermal Transmission of Materials by the Guarded Heat Flow Meter Technique

ASTM E1862-14(2018) 用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿反射温度的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM E1933-14(2018) 用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿发射率的标准实施规程

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM E1897-14(2018) 使用红外成像辐射计测量和补偿衰减介质透射率的标准实践

Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Transmittance of an Attenuating Medium Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

ASTM F3340-18 用防护热板装置测定野营床垫热阻的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Thermal Resistance of Camping Mattresses Using a Guarded Hot Plate Apparatus

ASTM E1824-18 使用热机械分析玻璃化转变温度的标准测试方法:张力法

Standard Test Method for Assignment of a Glass Transition Temperature Using Thermomechanical Analysis: Tension Method

ASTM E794-06(2018) 用热分析法测定熔化和结晶温度的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of melting (and crystallization) temperatures of pure materials by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). 1.2 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable materials with well-defined melting temperatures. 1.3 The normal operating range is from −120 to 600°C for DSC and 25 to 1500°C for DTA. The temperature range can be extended depending upon the instrumentation used. 1.4 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to those in this test method may be used. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Melting And Crystallization Temperatures By Thermal Analysis

ASTM E2041-13(2018) 使用Borchardt和Daniels方法通过差示扫描量热计估计动力学参数的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the kinetic parameters of activation energy, Arrhenius preexponential factor, and reaction order using the Borchardt and Daniels2 treatment of data obtained by differential scanning calorimetry. This test method is applicable to the temperature range from 170 to 870 K (−100 to 600°C). 1.2 This treatment is applicable only to smooth exothermic reactions with no shoulders, discontinuous changes, or shifts in baseline. It is applicable only to reactions with reaction order n ≤ 2. It is not applicable to acceleratory reactions and, therefore, is not applicable to the determination of kinetic parameters for most thermoset curing reactions or to crystallization reactions. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This test method is similar, but not equivalent to, ISO 11357, Part 5, that contains provisions for additional information not supplied by this test method. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardt and Daniels Method

ASTM E793-06(2018) 用差示扫描量热法测定熔融和结晶焓的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the determination of the enthalpy (heat) of fusion (melting) and crystallization by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). 1.2 This test method is applicable to solid samples in granular form or in any fabricated shape from which an appropriate specimen can be cut, or to liquid samples that crystallize within the range of the instrument. Note, however, that the results may be affected by the form and mass of the specimen, as well as by other experimental conditions. 1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from −120 to 600°C. The temperature range can be extended depending upon the instrumentation used. 1.4 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable materials with well defined endothermic or exothermic behavior. 1.5 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to those in this test method may also be used. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 The enthalpy of melting and crystallization portion of ISO 11357-3 is equivalent to this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystallization by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM E2069-06(2018) 差示扫描量热仪冷却温度校准的标准测试方法

Standard Test Method for Temperature Calibration on Cooling of Differential Scanning Calorimeters

ASTM E3137/E3137M-18 热量计仪表的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines general specifications for heat meters. Heat meters are instruments that measure heat in heat exchange circuits in which energy is absorbed (cooling) or given up (heating) by a flowing liquid. 1.2 For this specification, the necessary elements of a heat meter consist of a sensor to measure flow of the heat-conveying liquid, a pair of temperature sensors that measure the temperature differential across the heat exchange circuit, and a device that receives input from the flow and temperature sensors and calculates energy. 1.3 Electrical safety is not a part of this specification. 1.4 Mechanical safety (including pressure safety) is not a part of this specification. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Heat Meter Instrumentation

ASTM E1269-11(2018) 用差示扫描量热法测定比热容量的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific heat capacity by differential scanning calorimetry. 1.2 This test method is generally applicable to thermally stable solids and liquids. 1.3 The normal operating range of the test is from − 100 to 600°C. The temperature range can be extended, depending upon the instrumentation and specimen holders used. 1.4 Computer or electronic-based instrumentation, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to this test method may be used. NOTE 1—Users of this test method are expressly advised that all such instruments or techniques may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to determine equivalency prior to use. 1.5 This test method is similar to ISO 11357–4, but contains additional methodology not found in that method. Additionally, ISO 11357–4 contains practices not found in this standard. This test method is similar to Japanese Industrial Standard K 7123, but contains additional methodology not found in that method. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacity by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

ASTM E2890-12(2018) 用Kissinger方法通过差示扫描量热法测定热不稳定材料的动力学参数的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Kinetic Parameters for Thermally Unstable Materials by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using the Kissinger Method

ASTM E967-18 差示扫描量热仪和差热分析仪温度校准的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method describes the temperature calibration of differential thermal analyzers and differential scanning calorimeters over the temperature range from −40°C to +2000°C. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This test method is similar to ISO standard 11357–1. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differential Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Analyzers

ASTM E2070-13(2018) 使用等温方法的差示扫描量热法的动力学参数的标准测试方法

1.1 Test Methods A, B, and C determine kinetic parameters for activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction order using differential scanning calorimetry from a series of isothermal experiments over a small ( ≈10 K) temperature range. Test Method A is applicable to low nth order reactions. Test Methods B and C are applicable to accelerating reactions such as thermoset curing or pyrotechnic reactions and crystallization transformations in the temperature range from 300 to 900 K (nominally 30 to 630°C). These test methods are applicable only to these types of exothermic reactions when the thermal curves do not exhibit shoulders, double peaks, discontinuities or shifts in baseline. 1.2 Test Methods D and E also determines the activation energy of a set of time-to-event and isothermal temperature data generated by this or other procedures 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 These test methods are similar but not equivalent to ISO DIS 11357, Part 5, and provides more information than the ISO standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods

ASTM E2684-17 使用表面贴装的一维平面尺寸测量热通量的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the net heat flux normal to a surface using flat gages mounted onto the surface. Conduction heat flux is not the focus of this standard. Conduction applications related to insulation materials are covered by Test Method C518 and Practices C1041 and C1046. The sensors covered by this test method all use a measurement of the temperature difference between two parallel planes normal to the surface to determine the heat that is exchanged to or from the surface in keeping with Fourier’s Law. The gages operate by the same principles for heat transfer in either direction. 1.2 This test method is quite broad in its field of application, size and construction. Different sensor types are described in detail in later sections as examples of the general method for measuring heat flux from the temperature gradient normal to a surface (1).2 Applications include both radiation and convection heat transfer. The gages have broad application from aerospace to biomedical engineering with measurements ranging form 0.01 to 50 kW/m2 . The gages are usually square or rectangular and vary in size from 1 mm to 10 cm or more on a side. The thicknesses range from 0.05 to 3 mm. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Heat Flux Using Surface-Mounted One-Dimensional Flat Gages

ASTM F1720-17 使用加热人体模型测量睡袋隔热的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method covers determination of the insulation value of a sleeping bag or sleeping bag system. It measures the resistance to dry heat transfer from a constant skin temperature manikin to a relatively cold environment. This is a static test that generates reproducible results, but the manikin cannot simulate real life sleeping conditions relating to some human and environmental factors, examples of which are listed in the introduction. 1.2 The insulation values obtained apply only to the sleeping bag or sleeping bag system, as tested, and for the specified thermal and environmental conditions of each test, particularly with respect to air movement past the manikin. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Thermal Insulation of Sleeping Bags Using a Heated Manikin

ASTM E2683-17 使用嵌入式温度梯度计测量热通量的标准测试方法

1.1 This test method describes the measurement of the net heat flux normal to a surface using gages inserted flush with the surface. The geometry is the same as heat-flux gages covered by Test Method E511, but the measurement principle is different. The gages covered by this standard all use a measurement of the temperature gradient normal to the surface to determine the heat that is exchanged to or from the surface. Although in a majority of cases the net heat flux is to the surface, the gages operate by the same principles for heat transfer in either direction. 1.2 This general test method is quite broad in its field of application, size and construction. Two different gage types that are commercially available are described in detail in later sections as examples. A summary of common heat-flux gages is given by Diller (1).2 Applications include both radiation and convection heat transfer. The gages used for aerospace applications are generally small (0.155 to 1.27 cm diameter), have a fast time response (10 µs to 1 s), and are used to measure heat flux levels in the range 0.1 to 10 000 kW/m2 . Industrial applications are sometimes satisfied with physically larger gages. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Measuring Heat Flux Using Flush-Mounted Insert Temperature-Gradient Gages

ASTM E1354-17 使用氧消耗量热仪的材料和产品的热和可见烟雾释放速率的标准测试方法

1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuring the response of materials exposed to controlled levels of radiant heating with or without an external ignitor. 1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability, heat release rates, mass loss rates, effective heat of combustion, and visible smoke development of materials and products. 1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream. The effective heat of combustion is determined from a concomitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate, in combination with the heat release rate. Smoke development is measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product stream. 1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to initial test heat fluxes in the range of 0 to 100 kW/m2 . External ignition, when used, shall be by electric spark. The value of the initial test heat flux and the use of external ignition are to be as specified in the relevant material or performance standard (see X1.2). The normal specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a vertical orientation. The apparatus also contains provisions for vertical orientation testing; this is used for exploratory or diagnostic studies only. 1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming. 1.6 This test method has been developed for use for material and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design purposes, or development and research. Examples of material specimens include portions of an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7. 1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. 1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

JIS B 7550:2017 量热计

Heat meters