23.040.10 铁管和钢管 标准查询与下载

NB/T 10370-2019 煤矿抽放瓦斯用焊接不锈钢管吸能检验规范

Specifications for energy absorption inspection of welded stainless steel pipes used for gas drainage in coal mines

ASTM A213/A213M-19a 无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金 - 钢锅炉 过热器和热交换器管的标准规范

Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes

EN 14901-2:2019 球墨铸铁管、管件和附件 球墨铸铁管件和附件有机涂层的要求和试验方法 第2部分：热塑性酸改性聚烯烃涂层（TMPO）

This document defines the requirements and test methods for factory applied thermoplastic acid modified polyolefin (TMPO) coatings used for the protection of ductile iron fittings and accessories according to EN 545, EN 598, EN 969, EN 12842 and EN 14525: - conveying water (e.g. potable water, raw water, …) at operating temperature up to 50 °C; or - conveying waste water at operating temperature up to 45 °C; or - conveying gas at operating temperature up to 50 °C; - suitable for external environments, i.e. soils, waters and atmospheres of all common corrosion loads, characterized in D.2.3 of EN 545:2010.

Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories - Requirements and test methods for organic coatings of ductile iron fittings and accessories - Part 2: Thermoplastic acid modified polyolefin coating (TMPO)

EN 14901-1:2014+A1:2019 球墨铸铁管、管件和附件 球墨铸铁管件和附件有机涂层的要求和试验方法 第1部分：环氧涂层（重型）

This European Standard defines the requirements and test methods for factory applied epoxy coatings (fusion bonded powder or liquid two-pack) used for the corrosion protection of ductile iron fittings and accessories conforming to EN 545, EN 598, EN 969, EN 12842, EN 14525, for: - conveying water (e.g. potable water) at operating temperature up to 50 °C excluding frost; or - conveying waste water at operating temperature up to 45 °C excluding frost; or - conveying gas at operating temperature up to 50 °C; - suitable for external environments, i.e. soils, waters and atmospheres of all common corrosion loads, characterized in EN 545:2010, D.2.3.

Ductile iron pipes, fittings and accessories - Requirements and test methods for organic coatings of ductile iron fittings and accessories - Part 1: Epoxy coating (heavy duty)

ASTM A178/A178M-19 电阻焊碳钢和碳锰钢锅炉和过热器管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded tubes made of carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel intended for use as boiler tubes, boiler flues, superheater flues, and safe ends. 1.2 This specification covers Grades A, C, and D with differing chemical requirements (Section 6 and Table 1), differing tensile requirements (Section 9 and Table 2), and differing crush and mechanical testing requirements (Sections 10 and 11). NOTE 1—Grades C and D tubes are not suitable for safe-ending for forge welding. 1.3 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1⁄2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.360 in. [0.9 to 9.1 mm], inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification. 1.4 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. 1.5 Optional supplementary requirements are provided and when desired, shall be so stated in the order. 1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes

ASTM A1057/A1057M-08(2019) 热浸镀锌碳素冷成型焊接结构管标准规范

1.1 This specification covers cold-formed electric resistance or electric induction welded carbon structural steel tubing in round, square, rectangular, or special shapes that are zinccoated (galvanized) on the exterior surface only, in continuous coating lines by the hot-dip process. The tubing can be manufactured from hot-rolled or cold-rolled steel. This product is intended for applications where corrosion resistance and mechanical properties are required. This product is available in several zinc coating weights [masses], strengths, and chemical compositions. 1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inchpound units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system is to be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Steel, Structural Tubing, Cold Formed, Welded, Carbon, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process

ASTM A672/A672M-19 中温高压用电熔焊钢管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers steel pipe: electric-fusionwelded with filler metal added, fabricated from pressure-vessel quality plate of any of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at moderate temperatures. Heat treatment may or may not be required to attain the desired properties or to comply with applicable code requirements. Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or examination is desired. 1.2 The specification nominally covers pipe 16 in. [400 mm] in outside diameter or larger with wall thicknesses up to 3 in. [75 mm], inclusive. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided it complies with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Several grades and classes of pipe are provided. 1.3.1 Grade designates the type of plate used. 1.3.2 Class designates the type of heat treatment performed during manufacture of the pipe, whether the weld is radiographically examined, and whether the pipe has been pressure tested as listed in 1.3.3. 1.3.3 Class designations are as follows (Note 1): Class Heat Treatment on Pipe Radiography, see Section Pressure Test, see Section 10 none none none 11 none 9 none 12 none 9 8.3 13 none none 8.3 20 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none none 21 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 none 22 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 8.3 23 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none 8.3 30 normalized, see 5.3.2 none none 31 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 none 32 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 8.3 33 normalized, see 5.3.2 none 8.3 40 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 none none 41 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 none 42 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 8.3 43 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 none 8.3 50 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 none none 51 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 none 52 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 8.3 53 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 none 8.3 NOTE 1—Selection of materials should be made with attention to temperature of service. For such guidance, Specification A20/A20M may be consulted. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for High-Pressure Service at Moderate Temperatures

ASTM A213/A213M-19 无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金 - 钢锅炉 过热器和热交换器管的标准规范

Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes

ASTM A423/A423M-19 低合金钢无缝和电焊钢管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, low-alloy steel tubes for pressure containing parts such as economizers or other applications where corrosion resistance is important. 1.2 The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this specification are 1⁄2 to 5 in. [12.7 to 127 mm] in outside diameter and 0.035 to 0.500 in. [0.9 to 12.7 mm] inclusive, in minimum wall thickness. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄4 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. 1.4 This specification covers three grades, two types, and two manufacture finishes: 1.4.1 Grades 1, 2, and 3 are identified in Table 1 (Chemical Requirements), and Table 3 (Tensile Requirements), 1.4.2 Type (seamless or electric-resistance welded), 1.4.3 Manufacture (hot finished or cold finished). 1.5 Optional supplementary requirements S1 and S2 are provided and, when desired, shall be so stated in the order. 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes

ASTM A409/A409M-19 腐蚀或高温用焊接大直径奥氏体钢管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded, light-wall, austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. The sizes covered are NPS 14 to 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thicknesses. Table X1.1 shows the wall thickness of Schedule 5S and 10S pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification. 1.2 Several grades of alloy steel are covered as indicated in Table 1. 1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided. These call for additional tests to be made, and when desired shall be stated in the order, together with the number of such tests required. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as nominal diameter, size, and nominal size. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service

ASTM A134/A134M-19 电熔（电弧）焊接钢管（尺寸大于等于NPS 16）的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers electric-fusion (arc)-welded straight seam or spiral seam steel pipe NPS 16 and over in diameter (inside or outside as specified by purchaser), with wall thicknesses up to 3⁄4 in. [19 mm], inclusive. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification. The pipe is available in various grades based on the ASTM specification ordered (Section 4). NOTE 1—Acceptability for many services may be controlled by codes or standards such as those published by the American National Standards Institute and American Society of Mechanical Engineers. NOTE 2—For testing methods not specifically covered in this specification, reference can be made to Test Methods and Definitions A370, with particular reference to Annex A2 on Steel Tubular Products. NOTE 3—A comprehensive listing of standardized pipe dimensions is contained in ANSI B 36.10. 1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. In this specification hard or rationalized conversions apply to diameter, lengths, and tensile properties. Soft conversion applies to other SI measurements. NOTE 4—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.” 1.3 The following caveat pertains specifically to Section 5 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Electric-Fusion (Arc)-Welded (Sizes NPS 16 and Over)

ASTM A106/A106M-19a 高温用无缝碳钢管标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service (Note 1) in NPS 1⁄8 to NPS 48 [DN 6 to DN 1200] (Note 2) inclusive, with nominal (average) wall thickness as given in ASME B 36.10M. It shall be permissible to furnish pipe having other dimensions provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification. Pipe ordered under this specification shall be suitable for bending, flanging, and similar forming operations, and for welding. When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable to the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. NOTE 1—It is suggested, consideration be given to possible graphitization. NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) [DN (diameter nominal)] has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.” 1.2 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for seamless pipe intended for use in applications where a superior grade of pipe is required. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and when desired shall be so stated in the order. 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. 1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 11, 12, and 13 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

ASTM A312/A312M-19 无缝和焊接奥氏体不锈钢管标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ASME B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C]. 1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important. 1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or more of these supplementary requirements. 1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ASME B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification. 1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm]. 1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.” 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes

ASTM A358/A358M-19 高温设备和一般应用用电熔焊奥氏体铬镍不锈钢管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers electric-fusion-welded austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel pipe suitable for corrosive or high-temperature service, or both, or for general applications. NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.” 1.2 This specification covers the grades of alloy and stainless steel listed in Table 1. The selection of the proper grade and requirements for heat treatment shall be at the discretion of the purchaser, dependent on the service conditions to be encountered. 1.3 Five classes of pipe are covered as follows: 1.3.1 Class 1—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed. 1.3.2 Class 2—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes. No radiography is required. 1.3.3 Class 3—Pipe shall be single welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be completely radiographed. 1.3.4 Class 4—Same as Class 3 except that the weld pass exposed to the inside pipe surface may be made without the addition of filler metal (see 6.2.2.1 and 6.2.2.2). 1.3.5 Class 5—Pipe shall be double welded by processes employing filler metal in all passes and shall be spot radiographed. 1.4 Supplementary requirements covering provisions ranging from additional testing to formalized procedures for manufacturing practice are provided. Supplementary Requirements S1 through S6 are included as options to be specified when desired. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service and General Applications

ASTM A691/A691M-19 高温高压用电熔焊碳和合金钢管的标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers carbon and alloy steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded with filler metal added, fabricated from pressure-vessel-quality plate of several analyses and strength levels and suitable for high-pressure service at high temperatures. Heat treatment may or may not be required to attain the desired mechanical properties or to comply with applicable code requirements. Supplementary requirements are provided for use when additional testing or examination is desired. 1.2 The specification nominally covers pipe 16 in. [400 mm] in outside diameter and larger with wall thicknesses up to 3 in. [75 mm] inclusive. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided it complies with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Several grades and classes of pipe are provided. 1.3.1 Grade designates the type of plate used as listed in Table 1. 1.3.2 Class designates the type of heat treatment performed in the manufacture of the pipe, whether the weld is radiographically examined, and whether the pipe has been pressure tested as listed in 1.3.3. 1.3.3 Class designations are as follows (Note 1): Class Heat Treatment on Pipe Radiography, see Section Pressure Test, see Section 10 none none none 11 none 9 none 12 none 9 8.3 13 none none 8.3 20 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none none 21 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 none 22 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 9 8.3 23 stress relieved, see 5.3.1 none 8.3 30 normalized, see 5.3.2 none none 31 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 none 32 normalized, see 5.3.2 9 8.3 33 normalized, see 5.3.2 none 8.3 40 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 none none 41 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 none 42 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 9 8.3 43 normalized and tempered, see 5.3.3 none 8.3 50 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 none none 51 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 none 52 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 9 8.3 53 quenched and tempered, see 5.3.4 none 8.3 NOTE 1—Selection of materials should be made with attention to temperature of service. For such guidance, Specification A20/A20M may be consulted. 1.4 Optional requirements of a supplementary nature are provided, calling for additional tests and control of repair welding, when desired. 1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products. Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A691/A691M – 18a. DOI: 10.1520/A0691_A0691M-19. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-691 in Section II of that Code. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe, Electric-Fusion-Welded for High-Pressure Service at High Temperatures

ASTM A671/A671M-19 用于大气和低温的电熔钢管的标准规范

Standard Specification for Electric-Fusion-Welded Steel Pipe for Atmospheric and Lower Temperatures

ASTM A376/A376M-19 高温用无缝奥氏体钢管的标准规范

Standard Specification for Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service

EN ISO 10893-3:2011/A1:2019 变更验收标准 包含修改件A1,2019

Non-destructive testing of steel tubes - Part 3: Automated full peripheral flux leakage testing of seamless and welded (except submerged arc-welded) ferromagnetic steel tubes for the detection of longitudinal and/or transverse imperfections - Amendment 1:

ASTM E1928-13(2019) 用于估算直壁薄壁管中近似残余周向应力的标准实践

1.1 A qualitative estimate of the residual circumferential stress in thin-walled tubing may be calculated from the change in outside diameter that occurs upon splitting a length of thin-walled tubing. This practice assumes a linear stress distribution through the tube wall thickness and will not provide an estimate of local stress distributions such as surface stresses. (Very high local residual stress gradients are common at the surface of metal tubing due to cold drawing, peening, grinding, etc.) The Hatfield and Thirkell formula, as later modified by Sachs and Espey,2 provides a simple method for calculating the approximate circumferential stress from the change in diameter of straight, thin-walled, metal tubing. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practice for Estimating the Approximate Residual Circumferential Stress in Straight Thin-walled Tubing

ASTM A762/A762M-19 波纹钢管标准规格 下水道和排水管预涂聚合物

1.1 This specification covers polymer precoated corrugated steel pipe intended for use for storm water drainage, underdrains, the construction of culverts, and similar uses. Pipe covered by this specification is not normally used for the conveyance of sanitary or industrial wastes. The steel sheet used in fabrication of the pipe has a polymer protective coating over a metallic coating of zinc, 55 % aluminum-zinc alloy, or zinc-5 % aluminum-mischmetal alloy. 1.2 The polymer precoating provides extra protection of the base metal against corrosion or abrasion, or both, in addition to that provided by the metallic coating. Some severe environments may cause corrosion problems to accessory items such as rivets or coupling band hardware that does not have a polymer coating. Additional protection for polymer precoated corrugated steel pipe can be provided by use of coatings applied after fabrication of the pipe as described in Specification A849. 1.3 This specification does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship between earth cover load and sheet thickness of the pipe. Experience has shown that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of sheet thickness, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care in the installation. The installation procedure is described in Practice A798/A798M. 1.4 This specification is applicable to orders in either inch-pound units as A762, or in SI units as A762M. Inchpound units and SI units are not necessarily equivalent. SI units are shown in brackets in the text for clarity, but they are the applicable values when the material is ordered to A762M. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Specification for Corrugated Steel Pipe, Polymer Precoated for Sewers and Drains