E46 炼厂气体 标准查询与下载

ASTM D1837-11 测定液化石油气(LP)挥发性的标准试验方法

Volatility, expressed in terms of the 95 % evaporated temperature of the product, is a measure of the amount of least volatile components present in the product. Coupled with a vapor pressure limit, it serves to ensure essentially single-component products in the cases of commercial grades of propane and butane. When volatility is coupled with a vapor pressure limit which has been related to density, as in the case of the commercial PB-mixture, the combination serves to assure essentially two component mixtures for such fuels. When coupled with a proper vapor pressure limit, this measurement serves to assure that special-duty propane products will be composed chiefly of propane and propylene and that propane will be the major constituent.1.1 This test method is a measure of the relative purity of the various types of liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and helps to ensure suitable volatility performance. The test results, when properly related to vapor pressure and density of the product, can be used to indicate the presence of butane and heavier components in propane type LP-gas, and pentane and heavier components in propane-butane and butane type fuels. The presence of hydrocarbon compounds less volatile than those of which the LP-gas is primarily composed is indicated by an increase in the 95 % evaporated temperature. 1.2 When the type and concentration of higher boiling components is required, chromatographic analysis should be used. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Volatility of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ASTM D7756-11 使用液体,柱上注射气象色谱分析法测定液态石油气残余物的标准试验方法

Control over the residue content as specified in Specification D1835 is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. Oily residue in LPG is contamination which can occur during production, transportation, or storage. This test method is quicker and much more sensitive than manual methods, such as Test Method D2158, which is based on evaporation of large sample volumes followed by visual or gravimetric estimation of residue content. This test method provides enhanced sensitivity in measurements of heavier (oily) residues, with a quantification limit of 10 mg/kg total residue. This test method gives both quantitative results and information about contaminant composition such as boiling point range and fingerprint, which can be very useful in tracing the source of a particular contaminant.1.1 This test method covers the determination, by gas chromatography, of soluble hydrocarbon materials, sometimes called “oily residue,” which can be present in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and which are substantially less volatile than the LPG product. 1.2 This test method quantifies, in the range of 10 to 600 mg/kg (ppm mass), the residue with a boiling point between 174°C and 522°C (C10 to C40) in LPG. Higher boiling materials, or materials that adhere permanently to the chromatographic column, will not be detected. 1.3 Units8212;The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column Injection

ASTM D5454-11e1 使用电子湿度分析仪测定气体燃料中水蒸汽含量的标准试验方法

Water content in fuel gas is the major factor influencing internal corrosion. Hydrates, a semisolid combination of hydrocarbons and water, will form under the proper conditions causing serious operating problems. Fuel heating value is reduced by water concentration. Water concentration levels are therefore frequently measured in natural gas systems. A common pipeline specification is 4 to 7 lb/MMSCF. This test method describes measurement of water vapor content with direct readout electronic instrumentation.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the water vapor content of gaseous fuels by the use of electronic moisture analyzers. Such analyzers commonly use sensing cells based on phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5, aluminum oxide, Al2O3, or silicon sensors piezoelectric-type cells and laser based technologies. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels Using Electronic Moisture Analyzers

HG/T 4098-2009 增效液化石油气

Synergistic LPG

SN/T 2490-2010 进出口液化石油气质量评价标准

本标准规定了进出口液化石油气的技术要求和质量评价方法。 本标准适用于作为民用、工业及车用燃料的进出口液化石油气。

Quality evaluation standard for import and export liquefied petroleum gas

SN/T 2492-2010 液化石油气分子量的测定.气相色谱法

本标准规定了液化石油气平均分子量的气相色谱测定方法。 本标准适用于液化石油气C以下烃类平均分子量的测定。

Determination of molecular weight of liquefied petroleum gas- Gas chromatography

SN/T 2491-2010 进出口液化天然气质量评价标准

本标准规定进出口液化天然气的技术要求、检验规则和质量评价方法。 本标准适用于进出口液化天然气的质量评价。

Quality evaluation standard for import and export liquefied natural gas

ASTM D6667-10 紫外线荧光法检测气态烃和液化石油气中挥发性硫总量的标准试验方法

The sulfur content of LPG, used for fuel purposes, contributes to SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by sulfur bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds, to measure sulfur in finished products, and can also be used for compliance determinations when acceptable to a regulatory authority.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. It is applicable to analysis of natural, processed, and final product materials containing sulfur in the range of 1 to 100 mg/kg (Note 1). Note 18212;An estimate of pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ), information regarding sample stability and other general information derived from the inter-laboratory study on precision can be referenced in the ASTM research report. 1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not vaporize under the conditions of the test. 1.3 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in LP gases containing less than 0.35 % (mass/mass) halogen(s). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 3.1 and Sections 6 and 7 for specific warning statements.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

ASTM D7551-10 用紫外线荧光法测定气态烃类和液化石油气和天然气中总挥发性硫含量的标准试验方法

The sulfur content of gaseous hydrocarbons, LPG, and LNG used for fuel purposes contributes to total SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by trace amounts of sulfur-bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine the total volatile sulfur content in process feeds, to control the total volatile sulfur content in finished products and, as applicable, to meet regulatory requirements. Practice D1072 has previously been used for the measurement of total sulfur in gaseous fuels.1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons, Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). It is applicable to analysis of natural gaseous fuels, process intermediates, final product hydrocarbons and generic gaseous fuels containing sulfur in the range of 1 to 200 mg/kg. Samples can also be tested at other total sulfur levels using either pre-concentration methods or sample dilution using a diluent gas. The methodology for preconcentration and dilution techniques is not covered in this test method. The precision statement does not apply if these techniques are used in conjunction with this test method. The diluent gas, such as UHP nitrogen, zero nitrogen or zero air, shall not have a significant total sulfur concentration. 1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not volatilize under the conditions of the test. 1.3 This test method covers the laboratory determination and the at-line/on-line determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous fuels, LPG, and LNG. 1.4 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in gaseous hydrocarbons, LPG, and LNG containing less than 0.35 mole % halogen(s). 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Sections 4.1, 7.3, 7.4, 11.2, and Section 8.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Natural Gas by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

ASTM UOP699-09 原子吸收光谱法测定液化石油气的钠元素

This method is for determining the concentration of sodium (Na) as dissolved and suspended sodium compounds in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in the range of 0.1 to 10 mg/kg (mass-ppm) sodium. After sample preparation, either Inductively Coupled Plasma ?Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES, or ICP) or Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS) can be utilized to determine the sodium concentration.

Sodium in Liquefied Petroleum Gas by AAS

ASTM D6897-09 液化石油气(LPG)蒸汽压力用标准试验方法(膨胀方法)

Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products. Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions. For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product. This test method uses a small sample volume and excludes any manual handling of a measuring chamber under high pressure.1.1 This test method covers the use of automatic vapor pressure instruments to determine the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas products at a temperature of 37.8°C, vapor to liquid ratio of 0.5:1, and pressures from 200 to 1550 kPa on a sample volume of 3.33 mL. 1.2 This test method is applicable to the determination of vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures from 37.8 to 70°C, vapor to liquid ratios of 0.1:1 to 4:1, and pressures up to 3500 kPa; however, the precision of the test method (see Section 15) has only been determined for a vapor to liquid ratio of 0.5:1, at a temperature of 37.8°C, and a pressure range from 300 to 1500 kPa. Note 18212;This test method is not intended to determine the true vapor pressure of LPG samples, but rather determine and report the vapor pressure of LPG at the 37.8°C temperature and 0.5:1 vapor to liquid ratio as the Test Method D 1267 method. Note 28212;This test method is not a true vapor pressure method and will not measure the full contribution from any dissolved gases such as nitrogen or helium if they are present. The contribution of light gases to the measured vapor pressure is highly dependent on the test temperature, type of gas, and V/L ratio of the test. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Appendix X2.

Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) (Expansion Method)

BS EN 589:2008 汽车燃料.液化石油气(LPG).要求和试验方法

This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for marketed and delivered automotive LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas). It is applicable to automotive LPG for use in LPG engine vehicles designed to run on automotive LPG. NOTE: For the purposes of this European Standard, the term “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction. WARNING - Attention is drawn to the risk of fire and explosion when handling LPG and to the hazard to health which arises through inhalation of excessive amounts of LPG. LPG is a highly volatile hydrocarbon liquid which is normally stored under pressure. If the pressure is released large volumes of gas will be produced which form flammable mixtures with air over the range of approximately 2 % (V/V) to 10 % (V/V). This European Standard involves the sampling, handling and testing of LPG. All procedures should be conducted away from sources of ignition such as naked flames, unprotected electrical equipment and electrostatic hazards. Testing should be performed as far as practicable under an electrically-safe ventilation hood. LPG in liquid form can cause cold burns to the skin. Protective clothing such as gloves and goggles should be worn if contact with the skin is likely to occur. Unnecessary inhalation of LPG vapour should be avoided. The operator should not be exposed to atmospheres containing more than 1 800 mg/m3 over an 8 h time-weighted average (TWA) reference period, or more than 2 250 mg/m3 over a short term, 10 min reference period. One of the tests described in this European Standard involves the operator inhaling a mixture of air and LPG vapour. Particular attention is drawn to the cautionary statement provided in A.1, where this method is referred to.

Automotive fuels - LPG - Requirements and test methods

BS EN 589:2008+A1:2012 汽车燃料.液化石油气(LPG).试验方法和要求

Automotive fuels. LPG. Requirements and test methods

KS M ISO 13758:2008 液化石油气.丙烷干燥度的评定.真空冻结法

이 표준은 가정용, 산업용 및 자동차용으로 설치하기 위한 압력 감소 시스템의 고장을 방지하

Liquefied petroleum gases－Assessment of the dryness of propane－Valve freeze method

ISO 14687:1999/Cor 2:2008 氢燃料.产品规范.技术勘误表2

This standard is Hydrogen fuel - Product specification; Technical Corrigendum 2.

Hydrogen fuel - Product specification; Technical Corrigendum 2

NF M41-002:2008 液化石油气.溶解残留物的测定.高温气相色谱法

Liquefied petroleum gases - Determination of dissolved residues - High temperature Gas chromatographic method.

NF M41-003:2008 液化石油气.溶解的残留物的测定.高温重量分析法

Liquefied petroleum gases - Determination of dissolved residues - High-temperature gravimetic method.

ASTM D4150-08 气体燃料的相关标准术语

1.1 This standard defines the terms used in standards that are the responsiblity of Committee D03 on Gaseous Fuels. These terms are used in: 1.1.1 The sampling of gaseous fuels, 1.1.2 The analysis of gaseous fuels for composition and various other physical properties, and 1.1.3 Other practices related to the processing, transmission, and distribution of gaseous fuels.

Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels

ASTM D4651-08 异丁烷热物理性能表的标准规范

1.1 The thermophysical property tables for isobutane are for use in the calculation of the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT), thermodynamic, and transport properties of isobutane for process design and operations. Tables are provided for gaseous and liquid isobutane at temperatures between 120 and 570 K at pressures to 20 MPa. One table provides properties at the conditions of liquid-vapor equilibrium (saturation properties). The other table provides properties at selected T, p points for the equilibrium phase at those conditions. The tables were developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology from a Standard Reference Database product REFPROP, version 8.0. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Specification for Isobutane Thermophysical Property Tables

ASTM D4650-08 正丁烷热物理性能表的标准规范

1.1 The thermophysical property tables for normal butane are for use in the calculation of the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT), thermodynamic, and transport properties of normal butane for process design and operations. Tables are provided for gaseous and liquid normal butane at temperatures between 136 and 560 K at pressures to 20 MPa. One table provides properties at the conditions of liquid-vapor equilibrium (saturation properties). The other table provides properties at selected T, p points for the equilibrium phase at those conditions. The tables were developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology from a Standard Reference Database product REFPROP, version 8.0. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Specification for Normal Butane Thermophysical Property Tables