Q04 基础标准与通用方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM E906-07e1 用热电堆法测量材料和产品的热和可见烟雾释放率用标准试验方法

This test method provides a description of the behavior of material specimens under a specified fire exposure in terms of the release rate of heat and visible smoke. It is possible to determine the change in behavior of materials and products with change in heat-flux exposure by testing specimens in a series of exposures that cover a range of heat fluxes. The data obtained for a specific test describe the rate of heat and smoke release of the specimen when exposed to the specific environmental conditions and procedures used in performing that test. The entire exposed surface of the specimen will not be burning during the progressive involvement phase when piloted, point ignition (impingement) procedures are used. During the period of progressive surface involvement, release rates of heat and smoke are “per square metre of original exposed surface area” not “per square metre of flame involved surface.” The rates of both heat and smoke release are calculated per square metre of original surface area exposed. If a specimen swells, sags, delaminates, or otherwise deforms so that the exposed surface area changes, calculated release rates correspond to the original area, not to the new surface area. Heat-release values depend on mode of ignition. Gas phase ignition gives a more dimensionally consistent measure of release rate when very rapid or immediate flame involvement of the specimen surface occurs. However, piloted, point ignition allows release-rate information to be obtained at external heat flux from zero up to that required for satisfactory gas-phase ignition, usually over 20 kW/m2 external exposure. No correlation between the two modes of piloted ignition has been established. Release rates depend on many factors, some of which cannot be controlled. It is possible that samples that produce a surface char, a layer of adherent ash, or those that are composites or laminates do not attain a steady-state release rate. Thermally thin specimens, that is, specimens whose unexposed surface changes temperature during period of test, will not attain a steady-state release rate. Therefore, release rates for a given material will depend, for example, on how the material is used, its thickness, and the method of mounting. Heat-release values are for the specific specimen size (exposed area) tested. Results are not directly scalable to different exposed surface areas for some products. The method is limited to specimen sizes of materials in accordance with 7.1 and to products from which it is possible to obtain a test specimen representative of the product in actual use. The test is limited to exposure of one surface; there are two options for exposure orientation: either vertical or horizontal. If a heat release rate of 8 kW, which is equivalent to 355 kW/m2 for 150 by 150-mm vertical specimens, or 533 kW/m2 for 100 by 150-mm horizontal specimens is exceeded, there is danger of combustion occurring above the stack. No general relationship between release rate values obtained from horizontally and vertically oriented specimens has been established. Conduct tests on specimens in the form in which the material is oriented in end use conditions. To provide additional information, conduct tests in the horizontal orientation for those specimens that melt and drip in the vertical orientation. Release rate measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire test performance caused by product modifications. This test method differs in both the method of exposure and the calculation procedure from the techniques used in Test Method E 1354, the cone calorimet..........

Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method

ASTM D6024-07 在受控低强度材料上方进行球落体运动确定道路建筑适宜性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method explains the determination of the ability of Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) to withstand loading by repeatedly dropping a metal weight onto the in-place material.1.2 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.1.2.1 The method used to specify how data are collected, calculated, or recorded in this test method is not directly related to the accuracy to which the data can be applied in design or other uses, or both. How one applies the results obtained using this standard is beyond its scope.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound equivalents are shown for information only.1.4 CLSM is also known as flowable fill, controlled density fill, soil-cement slurry, soil-cement grout, unshrinkable fill, "K-Krete," and other similar names.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning: Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.)

Standard Test Method for Ball Drop on Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) to Determine Suitability for Load Application

JC/T 1016-2006 材料负离子发生量的测试方法

　　本标准规定了产生负离子功能材料及其制品的负离子发生量测试方法。本标准适用于粉体、浆体及建筑涂料、各类板材、纤维织物等材料的负离子发生量测定。

Testing on negative ion concentration of materials

JIS A 1481 ERRATUM 1:2006 勘误

ERRATUM

JIS A 1476:2006 用高温干燥法测定建筑材料含湿率的测量方法

この規格は，蒸発温度で加熱乾燥させることによって，建築材料の含水率()を測定する方法について規定する。ただし，この規格は，試料採集方法については規定しない。 注() 材料中の含水率は，自由水及び結合水に対するものである。

Measuring method for moisture content of building materials by drying at elevated temperature

JIS A 1481:2006 建筑材料产品中石棉测定

この規格は，建材製品中のアスべスト含有率を測定する方法について規定する。 測定対象とする建材製品には，耐火被覆材(吹付け材など)，内装材(成形板)，床タイル，外装材(成形板，モルタル)，屋根材，煙突材，保温材，紡織品(クロス)，シール材及び伸縮継手がある。対象アスべストは，主にクリソタイル，アモサイト及びクロシドライトとする。主として，アスべストの含有率は5質量%以下に適用するものとし，一次分析試料の作製方法，定性分析方法，アスべスト有無の判定方法，ニ次分析試料の作製方法及び二次分析試料による定量分析方法について規定する。なお，アスべストが不純物として含有するおそれのある天然鉱物及びそれを原料としてできた製品については。適用しない。

Determination of asbestos in building material products

BS EN 13501-3:2005 施工产品和建筑部件燃烧分类.第3部分:建筑服务装置用产品和部件的耐火性试验用数据分类:耐火管道和火焰阻燃器

This European Standard specifies the procedure for classification of the resistance to fire performance of construction products and building elements used as components of building service installations, using data from fire resistance tests which are within the direct field of application of the relevant test method. Classification on the basis of extended application is outside the scope of this European Standard. For extended applications, however, the same classes need to be used as specified in this European Standard. Products/elements for use in ventilation systems include (excluding smoke and heat exhaust ventilation): ? fire resisting ducts; ? fire dampers. Relevant test methods which have been prepared for these products/elements are listed in Clause 2.

Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 3: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on products and elements used in building service installations: fire resisting ducts and fire dampers

ASTM E84-06 建筑材料表面燃烧特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This fire-test-response standard for the comparative surface burning behavior of building materials is applicable to exposed surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with the specimen in the ceiling position with the surface to be evaluated exposed face down to the ignition source. The material, product, or assembly shall be capable of being mounted in the test position during the test. Thus, the specimen shall either be self-supporting by its own structural quality, held in place by added supports along the test surface, or secured from the back side.1.2 The purpose of this test method is to determine the relative burning behavior of the material by observing the flame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and smoke developed index are reported. However, there is not necessarily a relationship between these two measurements.1.3 The use of supporting materials on the underside of the test specimen has the ability to lower the flame spread index from those which might be obtained if the specimen could be tested without such support. These test results do not necessarily relate to indices obtained by testing materials without such support.1.4 Testing of materials that melt, drip, or delaminate to such a degree that the continuity of the flame front is destroyed, results in low flame spread indices that do not relate directly to indices obtained by testing materials that remain in place.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E84-06a 建筑材料表面燃烧特性的标准试验方法

1.1 This fire-test-response standard for the comparative surface burning behavior of building materials is applicable to exposed surfaces such as walls and ceilings. The test is conducted with the specimen in the ceiling position with the surface to be evaluated exposed face down to the ignition source. The material, product, or assembly shall be capable of being mounted in the test position during the test. Thus, the specimen shall either be self-supporting by its own structural quality, held in place by added supports along the test surface, or secured from the back side.1.2 The purpose of this test method is to determine the relative burning behavior of the material by observing the flame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and smoke developed index are reported. However, there is not necessarily a relationship between these two measurements.1.3 The use of supporting materials on the underside of the test specimen has the ability to lower the flame spread index from those which might be obtained if the specimen could be tested without such support. These test results do not necessarily relate to indices obtained by testing materials without such support.1.4 Testing of materials that melt, drip, or delaminate to such a degree that the continuity of the flame front is destroyed, results in low flame spread indices that do not relate directly to indices obtained by testing materials that remain in place.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM D3665-06 随机采样的建筑材料的标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the determination of random locations (or timing) at which samples of construction materials can be taken. For the exact physical procedures for securing the sample, such as a description of the sampling tool, the number of increments needed for a sample, or the size of the sample, reference should be made to the appropriate standard method. The selection procedures in Section 5 utilize the table of four-digit numbers given in Table 1.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials

KS F ISO 12570:2005 建筑材料及制品的湿热性能.含湿率的测定.烘干法

이 규격은 건축 재료의 자유 수량을 건조하여 측정하는 일반적인 방법에 대하여 규정한다.

Hygrothermal performance of building materials and products-Determination of moisture content by drying at elevated temperature

JIS K 0058-1:2005 矿渣中化合物的试验方法.第1部分:浸出试验方法

この規格は，鉄鋼スラグ，非鉄スラグ，廃棄物溶融スラグなどのスラグ材料，及びそれらのスラグを用いた路盤材，アスファルト製品，コンクリート製品などの製品(スラグ類)の土壌，地下水などの環境に対しての安全性を評価するために行う化学物質の溶出量試験方法についで規定する。この溶出量試験方法が対象とする化学物質は，鉛，カドミウム，水銀，ふっ素，ほう素などの無機物質である。

Test methods for chemicals in slags -- Part 1: Leaching test method

JIS K 0058-2:2005 矿渣中化合物的试验方法.第2部分:化合物的酸可提取物含量测定的试验方法

この規格は，鉄鋼スラグ，非鉄スラグ，廃棄物溶融スラグなどのスラグ材料，及びそれらのスラグを用いた路盤材，アスファルト製品，コンクリート製品など製品(スラグ類)が人への直接摂取の可能性のある場合に，その安全性を評価するために行う化学物質の含有量試験方法について規定する。ここでの含有量とは，1 moI/Lの塩酸などで抽出可能な量を示すもので，この含有量試験が対象とする化学物質は，鉛,カドミウム，水銀，ふっ素，ほう素などの無機物質である。

Test methods for chemicals in slags -- Part 2: Test method for acid extractable contents of chemicals

ANSI/ASME B30.27-2005 材料布置系统

Volume B30.27 includes provisions that apply to the construction,installation, operation, inspection, and maintenance of mobile material placing booms, mobile telescoping boom conveyors, separate placing booms, and material placement accessories. This Volume does not apply to the pumping elements of a concrete pump, conveyors, mortar conveying or spraying machines, or dry mix shotcreting machines.

Material Placement Systems

ASTM E1991-05 建筑材料/产品环境生命周期评定(LCA)的标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a common framework and set of principles for potential users, such as product manufacturers, environmental analysts, consultants, architects, and the building industry in general. It describes a framework for life cycle inventory analysis, and describes various options and aspects of Impact Assessment and Interpretation.1.2 The complexity and level of detail of an LCA will vary greatly depending on the material/product or system studied, the purpose and use of the study, the intended users of the study, and the resources committed to complete the study. The level of detail can range from generic to material/product specific.1.3 This guide does not describe in detail the actual techniques for performing a LCA.1.4 LCA is an emerging methodology, which is still evolving. This guide will present its concepts and major features. It should enable the user to better understand LCA and its application to building materials/products, and help to identify sources of additional information and guidance. LCA is only one of many tools designed to aid in environmental evaluation and decision making.1.5 The component phases of LCA, including goal definition and scoping, inventory, impact assessment, interpretation, and the various methodologies used in these phases are in various stages of development. Consequently, the results of an LCA must be understood in the context of their completeness and accuracy and must be applied appropriately. LCA does not necessarily proceed as a linear process through these phases but is conducted in an iterative fashion.

Standard Guide for Environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Building Materials/Products

ASTM E253-05 材料和产品感官评定的相关标准术语

Standard Terminology Relating to Sensory Evaluation of Materials and Products

ASTM E329-05 建筑材料的测试和/或检查机构的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for inspection agency personnel or testing agency laboratory personnel, or both, and the minimum technical requirements for equipment and procedures utilized in the testing and inspection of materials used in construction.1.2 Criteria is provided for evaluating the capability of agency to properly perform designated tests on construction materials, and establishes essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the agency. This specification may be supplemented by more specific criteria and requirements for particular projects.1.3 This specification can be used as a basis to evaluate an agency and is intended for use in qualifying and/or accrediting agencies, public or private, engaged in the testing and inspection of construction materials. These materials include concrete, steel, soil, masonry and bituminous materials.1.4 The users of an accredited agency must review the agency''s scope of accreditation to ensure the agency has been accredited for its technical competence to perform the tasks requested by the user.

Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Materials Used in Construction

ASTM E329-05b 建筑材料的测试和/或检查机构的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for inspection agency personnel or testing agency laboratory personnel, or both, and the minimum technical requirements for equipment and procedures utilized in the testing and inspection of construction and materials used in construction.1.2 Criteria is provided for evaluating the capability of agency to properly perform designated tests on construction materials, and establishes essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the agency. This specification may be supplemented by more specific criteria and requirements for particular projects.1.3 This specification can be used as a basis to evaluate an agency and is intended for use in qualifying and/or accrediting agencies, public or private, engaged in the testing and inspection of construction and materials. These materials include concrete, steel, soil, masonry and bituminous materials.1.4 A certificate of accreditation is required to comply with this standard.1.5 The users of an accredited agency must review the agency''s scope of accreditation to ensure the agency has been accredited for its technical competence to perform the tasks requested by the user.

Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction Inspection and/or Testing

ASTM E329-05be1 建筑材料的测试和/或检查机构的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for inspection agency personnel or testing agency laboratory personnel, or both, and the minimum technical requirements for equipment and procedures utilized in the testing and inspection of construction and materials used in construction.1.2 Criteria is provided for evaluating the capability of agency to properly perform designated tests on construction materials, and establishes essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the agency. This specification may be supplemented by more specific criteria and requirements for particular projects.1.3 This specification can be used as a basis to evaluate an agency and is intended for use in qualifying and/or accrediting agencies, public or private, engaged in the testing and inspection of construction and materials. These materials include concrete, steel, soil, masonry and bituminous materials.1.4 A certificate of accreditation is required to comply with this standard.1.5 The users of an accredited agency must review the agency''s scope of accreditation to ensure the agency has been accredited for its technical competence to perform the tasks requested by the user.

Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in Construction Inspection and/or Testing

ASTM E329-05a 建筑材料的测试和/或检查机构的标准规范

1.1 This specification defines the minimum requirements for inspection agency personnel or testing agency laboratory personnel, or both, and the minimum technical requirements for equipment and procedures utilized in the testing and inspection of materials used in construction.1.2 Criteria is provided for evaluating the capability of agency to properly perform designated tests on construction materials, and establishes essential characteristics pertaining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and quality systems of the agency. This specification may be supplemented by more specific criteria and requirements for particular projects.1.3 This specification can be used as a basis to evaluate an agency and is intended for use in qualifying and/or accrediting agencies, public or private, engaged in the testing and inspection of construction materials. These materials include concrete, steel, soil, masonry and bituminous materials.1.4 The users of an accredited agency must review the agency''s scope of accreditation to ensure the agency has been accredited for its technical competence to perform the tasks requested by the user.

Standard Specification for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Materials Used in Construction