《脑、行为和进化》是一本拥有忠实读者群、高标准和独特特色的期刊，是持续进行神经系统进化科学讨论的主要出版物。该期刊发表比较神经生物学研究，重点关注脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的神经系统结构、功能或发育。方法从分子、解剖、生理到行为都有。尽管存在这种多样性，但《脑、行为和进化》发表的大多数论文至少在讨论部分都包含了进化角度，并关注神经机制或现象。该期刊也发表综述文章，对进化神经生物学的当前主题进行批判性综述。有的纯粹的行为研究可能符合该期刊的范围，但此类稿件的适宜性将根据具体情况进行评估。

'Brain, Behavior and Evolution' is a journal with a loyal following, high standards, and a unique profile as the main outlet for the continuing scientific discourse on nervous system evolution. The journal publishes comparative neurobiological studies that focus on nervous system structure, function, or development in vertebrates as well as invertebrates. Approaches range from the molecular over the anatomical and physiological to the behavioral. Despite this diversity, most papers published in 'Brain, Behavior and Evolution' include an evolutionary angle, at least in the discussion, and focus on neural mechanisms or phenomena. Some purely behavioral research may be within the journal’s scope, but the suitability of such manuscripts will be assessed on a case-by-case basis. The journal also publishes review articles that provide critical overviews of current topics in evolutionary neurobiology.