N04 基础标准与通用方法 标准查询与下载

DLA A-A-52043 VALID NOTICE 2-2007 (滚动)平行规

The activities above were interested in this document as of the date of this document. Since organizations and responsibilities can change, you should verify the currency of the information above using the ASSIST Online database at assist.daps.dla.mil.

PARALLEL RULERS (ROLLING)

ASTM G189-07(2013) 实验室模拟绝缘腐蚀状态的标准指南

5.1 The corrosion observed on steel and other materials under thermal insulation is of great concern for many industries including chemical processing, petroleum refining and electric power generation. In most cases, insulation is utilized on piping and vessels to maintain the temperatures of the operating systems for process stabilization and energy conservation. However, these situations can also provide the prerequisites for the occurrence of general or localized corrosion, or both, and in stainless steels, stress corrosion cracking. For example, combined with elevated temperatures, CUI can sometimes result in aqueous corrosion rates for steel that are greater than those found in conventional immersion tests conducted in either open or closed systems (see Fig. 1).4 This figure shows actual CUI data determined in the field compared with the corrosion data from fully immersed corrosion coupons tests.Note 1—The actual CUI corrosion rates can be in excess of the those obtain in conventional laboratory immersion exposures. 5.2 This guide provides a technical basis for laboratory simulation of many of the manifestations of CUI. This is an area where there has been a need for better simulation techniques, but until recently, has eluded many investigators. Much of the available experimental data is based on field and in-plant measurements of remaining wall thickness. Laboratory studies have generally been limited to simple immersion tests for the corrosivity of leachants from thermal insulation on corrosion coupons using techniques similar to those given in Practice G31. The field and inplant tests give an indication of corrosion after the fact and can not be easily utilized for experimental purposes. The use of coupons in laboratory immersion tests can give a general indication of corrosion tendencies. However, in some cases, these procedures are useful in ranking insulative materials in terms of their tendencies to leach corrosive species. However, this immersion technique does not always present an accurate representation of the actual CUI tendencies experienced in the service due to differences in exposure geometry, temperature, cyclic temperatures, or wet/dry conditions in the plant and field environments. 5.3 One of the special aspects of the apparatus and methodologies contained herein are their capabilities to accommodate several aspects critical to successful simulation of the CUI exposure condition. These are: (1) an idealized annular geometry between piping and surrounding thermal insulation, (2) internal heating to produce a hot-wall surface on which CUI can be quantified, (3) introduction of ionic solutions into the annular cavity between the piping and thermal insulation, (4) control of the temperature to produce either isothermal or cyclic temperature conditions, and (5) control of the delivery of the control or solution to produce wet or wet-dry conditions. Other simpler methods can be used to run corrosion evaluations on specimens imme............

Standard Guide for Laboratory Simulation of Corrosion Under Insulation

ASTM D6216-07 证明与设计及性能规范一致的不透明监测仪生产商用标准实施规程

1.1 This practice covers the procedure for certifying continuous opacity monitors. In the main part of this practice, it includes design and performance specifications, test procedures, and quality assurance requirements to ensure that continuous opacity monitors meet minimum design and calibration requirements, necessary in part, for accurate opacity monitoring measurements in regulatory environmental opacity monitoring applications subject to 10 % or higher opacity standards. In Annex A1, additional or alternative specifications are provided for certifying opacity monitors intended for use in applications where the opacity standard is less than 10 %, or where the user expects the opacity to be less than 10 % and elects to use the more restrictive criteria in Annex A1. In both cases, the error budgets for the opacity measurements are given in Appendix X1.1.2 This practice applies specifically to the original manufacturer, or to those involved in the repair, remanufacture, or resale of opacity monitors.1.3 Test procedures that specifically apply to the various equipment configurations of component equipment that comprise either a transmissometer, an opacity monitor, or complete opacity monitoring system are detailed in this practice.1.4 The specifications and test procedures contained in the main part of this practice have been adopted by reference by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). For each opacity monitor or monitoring system that the manufacturer demonstrates conformance to this practice, the manufacturer may issue a certificate that states that opacity monitor or monitoring system conforms with all of the applicable design and performance requirements of 40 CFR 60, Appendix B, Performance Specification 1 except those for which tests are required after installation.

Standard Practice for Opacity Monitor Manufacturers to Certify Conformance with Design and Performance Specifications

ASTM E1860-07 消逝时间校正热分析仪的标准试验方法

Most thermal analysis experiments are carried out under temperature ramp conditions where temperature is the independent parameter. Some experiments, however, are carried out under isothermal temperature conditions where the elapsed time to an event is measured as the independent parameter. Isothermal Kinetics (Test Methods E 2070), Thermal Stability (Test Method E 487), Oxidative Induction Time (OIT) (Test Methods D 3895, D 4565, D 5483, E 1858, and Specification D 3350 and Loss-on-Drying (Test Method E 1868) are common examples of these kinds of experiments. Modern scientific instruments, including thermal analyzers, usually measure elapsed time with excellent precision and accuracy. In such cases, it may only be necessary to confirm the performance of the instrument by comparison to a suitable reference. Only rarely will it may be required to correct the calibration of an instrumentrsquo;elapsed time signal through the use of a calibration factor. It is necessary to obtain elapsed time signal conformity only to 0.1 times the repeatability relative standard deviation (standard deviation divided by the mean value) expressed as a percent for the test method in which the thermal analyzer is to be used. For those test methods listed in Section 2 this conformity is 0.1 %.1.1 This test method describes the calibration or performance confirmation of the elapsed-time signal from thermal analyzers.1.2 SI units are the standard.1.3 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this method.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration Thermal Analyzers

ASTM D6512-07(2014) 实验室间定量评算的标准实施规程

5.1 Appropriate application of this practice should result in an IQE achievable by most laboratories properly using the test method studied. That is, most laboratories should be capable of measuring concentrations greater than IQEZ8201;% with RSD = Z8201;% or less. The IQE provides the basis for any prospective use of the test method by qualified laboratories for reliable quantitation of low-level concentrations of the same analyte as the one studied in this practice, and same media (matrix). 5.2 The IQE values may be used to compare the quantitation capability of different methods for analysis of the same analyte in the same matrix. The IQE is not an indicator of individual laboratory performance. 5.3 The IQE procedure should be used to establish the interlaboratory quantitation capability for any application of a method where interlaboratory quantitation is important to data use. The intent of the IQE is not to set reporting limits. 1.1 This practice establishes a uniform standard for computing the interlaboratory quantitation estimate associated with Z8201;% relative standard deviation (referred to herein as IQEZ8201;%), and provides guidance concerning the appropriate use and application. The calculations involved in this practice can be performed with DQCALC, Microsoft Excel-based software available from ASTM.2 1.2 IQEZ8201;% is computed to be the lowest concentration for which a single measurement from a laboratory selected from the population of qualified laboratories represented in an interlaboratory study will have an estimated Z8201;% relative standard deviation (Z8201;% RSD, based on interlaboratory standard deviation), where Z is typically an integer multiple of 10, such as 10, 20, or 30, but Z can be less than 10. The IQE108201;% is consistent with the quantitation approaches of Currie (1)3 and Oppenheimer, et al. (2). 1.3 The fundamental assumption of the collaborative study is that the media tested, the concentrations tested, and the protocol followed in the study provide a representative and fair evaluation of the scope and applicability of the test method as written. Properly applied, the IQE procedure ensures that the IQE has the following properties: 1.3.1 Routinely Achievable IQE Value—Most laboratories are able to attain the IQE quantitation performance in routine analyses, using a standard measurement system, at reasonable cost. This property is needed for a quantitation limit to be feasible in practical situations. Representative laboratories must be included in the data to calculate the IQE. 1.3.2 Accounting for Routine Sources of Error—The IQE should realistically include sources of bias and variation that are common to the measurement process. These sources include, but are not limited to: intrinsic instrument noise, some “typical” amount of carryover error; plus differences in laboratories, analysts, sample preparation, and instruments. 1.3.3 Avoidable Sources of Error Excluded—The IQE should realistically exclu......

Standard Practice for Interlaboratory Quantitation Estimate

ANSI/ASME PTC19.22-2007 仪器仪表.数字系统技术

The scope of this Supplement includes signal conditioning, signal multiplexing, analog-to-digital signal conversion, and data processing. This Supplement addresses stand alone data acquisition systems, typified by a sensor with an integral digital display, data acquisition systems that link multiple sensors to a common digital processor tied to a computer or printer, and systems that link multiple digital processors to one or more stand-alone or networked computers. This Supplement incorporates instrumentation practices covered by other Instruments and Apparatus Supplements (PTC 19 Series) as well as the equipment Performance Test Codes. It also provides a means to determine the uncertainty associated with the data acquisition system, and its impact on the overall uncertainty of the performance test. The Supplement does not directly address sensors or instruments used for ASME Performance Testing. These are addressed in other ASME Performance Test Codes.

Instruments and Apparatus - Digital Systems Techniques

ASTM E2546-07 仪器刻痕试验的标准实施规程

IIT Instruments are used to quantitatively measure various mechanical properties of thin coatings and other volumes of material when other traditional methods of determining material properties cannot be used due to the size or condition of the sample. This practice will establish the basic requirements for those instruments. It is intended that IIT based test methods will be able to refer to this practice for the basic requirements for force and displacement accuracy, reproducibility, verification, reporting, etc., that are necessary for obtaining meaningful test results. IIT is not restricted to specific test forces, displacement ranges, or indenter types. This practice covers the requirements for a wide range of nano, micro, and macro (see ISO 14577-1) indentation testing applications. The various IIT instruments are required to adhere to the requirements of the practice within the their specific design ranges.1.1 This practice defines the basic steps of Instrumented Indentation Testing (IIT) and establishes the requirements, accuracies, and capabilities needed by an instrument to successfully perform the test and produce the data that can be used for the determination of indentation hardness and other material characteristics. IIT is a mechanical test that measures the response of a material to the imposed stress and strain of a shaped indenter by forcing the indenter into a material and monitoring the force on, and displacement of, the indenter as a function of time during the full loading-unloading test cycle.1.2 The operational features of an IIT instrument, as well as requirements for Instrument Verification Annex A1), Standardized Reference Blocks (Annex A2) and Indenter Requirements (Annex A3) are defined. This practice is not intended to be a complete purchase specification for an IIT instrument.1.3 With the exception of the non-mandatory Appendix X4, this practice does not define the analysis necessary to determine material properties. That analysis is left for other test methods. Appendix X4 includes some basic analysis techniques to allow for the indirect performance verification of an IIT instrument by using test blocks.1.4 Zero point determination, instrument compliance determination and the indirect determination of an indenters area function are important parts of the IIT process. The practice defines the requirements for these items and includes non-mandatory appendixes to help the user define them.1.5 The use of deliberate lateral displacements is not included in this practice (that is, scratch testing).1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Instrumented Indentation Testing

GJB/J 5859-2006 宽频带频谱分析仪检定规程

本检定规程规定了宽频带频谱分析仪的检定技术要求、检定条件、检定项目、检定方法、检定结果的处理和检定周期。 本检定规程适用于新制造（或新购置 ）、使用中和修理后的宽频带频谱分析仪（以下简称频谱分析仪）的检定，网络/频谱分析仪、无线电综合测量仪中的频谱分析部分的检定可参照使用。

Verification regulation for broadband spectrum analyzer

SN/T 1843.2-2006 进出口仪器仪表检验规程 第2部分:静止式交流电能表

SN/T 1843的本部分规定了进出口静止式交流电能表的质量要求、检验及判定。 本部分适用于由一个或多个测量元件和计度器装在同一表壳内而组成的室内和室外用静止式交流电能表的进出口检验。 本部分适用范围： a） 1级和2级静止式交流有功电能表； b） 0.2 S级和0.5 S级静止式交流有功电能表（仅适用于室内使用）。 c） 2级、3级静止式交流无功电能表。

Rules for the inspection of instruments for import and export. Part 2: Alternating current static watt-hour meters

JJF 1024-2006 测量仪器可靠性分析

本规范规定了测量仪器可靠性分析的基本原则、要求和方法，为测量仪器的可靠性描述、建模、预计、指标分配及指标系列划分、故障模式与影响分析、故障树分析、试验验证、故障判定等提供指导。适用于测量仪器在设计、研制、试验、生产、验收、使用阶段以及型式评价中的可靠性分析。

Reliability analysis for measuring instruments

DLA A-A-50215 A VALID NOTICE 2-2006 带盒补偿定极求积仪

A-A-50215A, dated 25 September 2001, has been reviewed and determined to be valid for use in acquisition.

PLANIMETER, POLAR, COMPENSATING, WITH CASE

DIN ISO 11843-4:2006 检测能力.第4部分:用最小可检测值与给定值相比对的方法

The standard deals with methods for determining values of the capability of detection and defines a criterion to decide whether or not the minimum detectable value of the net state variable is below a specified value.

Capability of detection - Part 4: Methodology for comparing the minimum detectable value with a given value (ISO 11843-4:2003; text in German, English)

DIN ISO 11843-2:2006 检测能力.第2部分:线性校准的方法

Capability of detection - Part 2: Methodology in the linear calibration case (ISO 11843-2:2000; text in German, English)

DIN ISO 11843-3:2006 检测能力.第3部分:在无校准数据可采用情况下测定相应变量关键值的方法

The standard deals with methods for determining values of the capability of detection in the case where the net state variable is zero.

Capability of detection - Part 3: Methodology for determination of the critical value for the response variable when no calibration data are used (ISO 11843-3:2003; text in German, English)

DIN ISO 5725-5 Berichtigung 1:2006 测量方法和结果的准确度(正确性和精密度).第5部分:确定标准测试方法的精密度的可替代方法

Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 5: Alternative methods for the determination of the precision of a standard measurement method (ISO 5725-5:1998), Corrigenda to DIN ISO 5725-5:2002-11 (ISO 5725-5:1998/Cor. 1:2005

ANSI/NCSL Z540.3-2006 测量和试验设备校准要求

This National Standard will establish the technical requirements for the calibration of measuring and test equipment through the use of a system of functional components. Collectively, these components are used to manage and assure that the accuracy and reliability of the measuring and test equipment are in accordance with identified performance requirements. In addition, this National Standard includes and updates the relevant calibration system requirements for measuring and test equipment described by the previous standards such as Part II of ANSI/NCSL Z540.1 (R2002) and Military Standard 45662A.

Requirements for the Calibration of Measuring and Test Equipment

ASTM E6-06 有关机械试验方法的标准术语

1.1 This terminology covers the principal terms relating to methods of mechanical testing of solids. The general definitions are restricted and interpreted, when necessary, to make them particularly applicable and practicable for use in standards requiring or relating to mechanical tests. These definitions are published to encourage uniformity of terminology in product specifications. 1.2 Terms relating to fatigue and fracture testing are defined in Terminology E 1823.

Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

ASTM D6708-06 测量材料相同性质的两种试验方法间预期一致性统计学评估和改进的标准实施规范

1.1 This practice covers statistical methodology for assessing the expected agreement between two standard test methods that purport to measure the same property of a material, and deciding if a simple linear bias correction can further improve the expected agreement. It is intended for use with results collected from an interlaboratory study meeting the requirement of Practice D 6300 or equivalent (for example, ISO 4259). The interlaboratory study must be conducted on at least ten materials that span the intersecting scopes of the test methods, and results must be obtained from at least six laboratories using each method.Note 1Examples of standard test methods are those developed by voluntary consensus standards bodies such as ASTM, IP/BSI, DIN, AFNOR, CGSB.1.2 The statistical methodology is based on the premise that a bias correction will not be needed. In the absence of strong statistical evidence that a bias correction would result in better agreement between the two methods, a bias correction is not made. If a bias correction is required, then the parsimony principle is followed whereby a simple correction is to be favored over a more complex one.Note 2Failure to adhere to the parsimony principle generally results in models that are over-fitted and do not perform well in practice.1.3 The bias corrections of this practice are limited to a constant correction, proportional correction or a linear (proportional + constant) correction.1.4 The bias-correction methods of this practice are method symmetric, in the sense that equivalent corrections are obtained regardless of which method is bias-corrected to match the other.1.5 A methodology is presented for establishing the 95 % confidence limit (designated by this practice as the cross-method reproducibility) for the difference between two results where each result is obtained by a different operator using different apparatus and each applying one of the two methods X and Y on identical material, where one of the methods has been appropriately bias-corrected in accordance with this practice.Note 3Users are cautioned against applying the cross-method reproducibility as calculated from this practice to materials that are significantly different in composition from those actually studied, as the ability of this practice to detect and address sample-specific biases (see ) is dependent on the materials selected for the interlaboratory study. When sample-specific biases are present, the types and ranges of samples may need to be expanded significantly from the minimum of ten as specified in this practice in order to obtain a more comprehensive and reliable 95 % confidence limits for cross method reproducibility that adequately cover the range of sample specific biases for different types of materials.1.6 This practice is intended for test methods which measure quantitative (numerical) properties of petroleum or petroleum products.1.7 The statistical methodology outlined in this practice is also applicable for assessing the expected agreement between any two test methods that purport to measure the same property of a material, provided the results are obtained on the same comparison sample set, the standard error associated with each test result is known, the sample set design meets the requirement of this practice, and the statistical degree of freedom of the data set exceeds 30.1.8 Software program CompTM Version 1.0.21 (ADJD6708) performs the necessary computations prescribed by this practice.

Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material

ASTM E1578-06 实验室信息管理系统(LIMS)的标准指南

Relevance8212;This guide is intended to educate those in the intended audience on many aspects of LIMS. Specifically, the guide may: 4.1.1 Help educate new users of LIMS; 4.1.2 Help educate general audiences in laboratories and other organizations that use LIMS; 4.1.3 Help educate instrument manufactures and producers of other commonly interfaced systems; 4.1.4 Provide standard terminology that can be used by LIMS vendors and end users; 4.1.5 Establish a minimum set of requirements for primary LIMS functions; 4.1.6 Provide guidance on the tasks performed and documentation created in the specification, evaluation, cost justification, implementation, project management, training, and documentation of LIMS; and 4.1.7 Provide high-level guidance for the integration of LIMS with the most commonly integrated systems such as laboratory instruments, CDS, ERP, ELN, SDMS and so forth. How Used8212;This guide is intended to be used by all stakeholders involved in any aspect of LIMS implementation or maintenance. 4.2.1 It is intended to be used throughout the LIMS life cycle by individuals or groups responsible for LIMS including specification, build/configuration, validation, use, upgrades, retirement/decommissioning. 4.2.2 It is also intended to provide an example of a LIMS function checklist.1.1 This guide covers issues commonly encountered at all stages in the life cycle of Laboratory Information Management Systems from inception to retirement. The sub-sections that follow describe details of scope of this document in specific areas.1.2 High Level PurposeThe purpose of this guide includes: (1) help educate new users of Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS), (2) provide standard terminology that can be used by LIMS vendors and end users, (3) establish minimum requirements for primary LIMS functions, (4) provide guidance for the specification, evaluation, cost justification, implementation, project management, training, and documentation, and (5) provide an example of a LIMS function checklist.1.3 LIMS DefinitionThe term Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) describes the class of computer systems designed to manage laboratory information.1.4 Laboratory CategoriesThe spectrum of laboratories that employ LIMS is wide spread. The following break down provides an overview of the laboratory categories that use LIMS as well as examples of laboratories in each category.1.4.1 General LaboratoriesStandards (ASTM, IEEE, ISO), andGovernment (EPA, FDA, JPL, NASA, NRC, USDA, FERC).1.4.2 EnvironmentalEnvironmental Monitoring.1.4.3 Life Science LaboratoriesBiotechnology,Diagnostic,Healthcare Medical,Devices, andPharmaceuticals Vet/Animal.1.4.4 Heavy Industry LaboratoriesEnergy Resources,Manufacturing Construction, Materials Chemicals, andTransportation Shipping.1.4.5 Food Beverage LaboratoriesAgriculture,Beverages,Food, andFood Service Hospitality.1.4.6 Public Sector LaboratoriesLaw Enforcement,State Local Government,Education, andPublic Utilities (Water, Electric, Waste Treatment).1.4.7 Laboratory SizeThis guide covers topics regarding LIMS for a range of laboratory sizes ranging from small with simple requirements to large multi-site/global laboratories with complex requirements. Although the guide addresses complex issues that impact primarily large LIMS implementations, laboratories of all sizes will find this guide useful. The implementation times and recommendations listed in......

Standard Guide for Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS)

ASTM D3764-06 过程流量分析仪系统性能确认的标准实施规范

1.1 This practice describes procedures and methodologies based on the statistical principles of Practice D 6708 to validate whether the degree of agreement between the results produced by a total analyzer system (or its subsystem), versus the results produced by an independent test method that purports to measure the same property, meets user-specified requirements. This is a performance-based validation, to be conducted using a set of materials that are not used a priori in the development of any correlation between the two measurement systems under investigation. A result from the independent test method is herein referred to as a Primary Test Method Result (PTMR).1.2 This practice assumes any correlation necessary to mitigate systemic biases between the analyzer system and PTM have been applied to the analyzer results.1.3 This practice requires that both the primary method against which the analyzer is compared to, and the analyzer system under investigation, are in statistical control. Practices described in Practice D 6299 should be used to ensure this condition is met.1.4 This practice applies if the process stream analyzer system and the primary test method are based on the same measurement principle(s), or, if the process stream analyzer system uses a direct and well-understood measurement principle that is similar to the measurement principle of the primary test method. This practice also applies if the process stream analyzer system uses a different measurement technology from the primary test method, provided that the calibration protocol for the direct output of the analyzer does not require use of the PTMRs (see Case 1 in Note 1). 1.5 This practice does not apply if the process stream analyzer system utilizes an indirect or mathematically modeled measurement principle such as chemometric or multivariate analysis techniques where PTMRs are required for the chemometric or multivariate model development. Users should refer to Practice D 6122 for detailed validation procedures for these types of analyzer systems (see Case 2 in ).Note 0For example, for the measurement of benzene in spark ignition fuels, comparison of a Mid-Infrared process analyzer system based on Test Method D 6277 to a Test Method D 3606 gas chromatography primary test method would be considered Case 1, and this practice would apply. For each sample, the Mid-Infrared spectrum is converted into a single analyzer result using methodology (Test Method D 6277) that is independent of the primary test method (Test Method D 3606). However, when the same analyzer uses a multivariate model to correlate the measured Mid-Infrared spectrum to Test Method D 3606 reference values using the methodology of Practice E 1655, it is considered Case 2 and Practice D 6122 applies. In this case 2 example, the direct output of the analyzer is the spectrum, and the conversion of this multivariate output to an analyzer result require use of Practice D 6122, hence it is not independent of the primary test method.1.6 Performance Validation is conducted by calculating the precision and bias of the differences between results from the analyzer system (or subsystem) after the application of any necessary correlation, (such results are herein referred to as Predicted Primary Test Method Results (PPTMRs)), versus the PTMRs for the same sample set. Results used in the calculation are for samples that are not used in the development of the correlation. The calculated precision and bias are statistically compared to user-specified requirements for the analyzer system application.1.6.1 For analyzers used in product release or product quality certification applications, the precision and bias requirement for the degree of agreement are typically based on the site or published precision of the Primary Test Method.Note 2In most applications of this type, the PTM is the specification-cited test method. 1.6.2 This pr......

Standard Practice for Validation of the Performance of Process Stream Analyzer Systems