Z15 大气环境有毒害物质分析方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM D3162-12 大气中一氧化碳的标准试验方法(用非色散的红外光谱法的连续测量)

Determination of carbon monoxide is essential to evaluation of many air pollution complexes. This test method derives significance from providing such determination. Carbon monoxide is formed in the process of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels, and is a constituent of the exhaust of gasoline engines. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set primary and secondary air quality standards for CO that are designed to protect the public health and welfare (3, 4). This test method is suitable for measurements appropriate for the purposes noted in 5.1 and 5.2.1.1 This test method is applicable to the determination of the carbon monoxide (CO) concentration of the atmosphere between 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) and 115 mg/m3 (100 ppm(v)). The measuring principle is based on the absorption of infrared radiation by CO in the 4.7 μm region (1). 1.2 The test method has a limit of detection of about 0.6 mg/m3 (0.5 ppm(v)) carbon monoxide in air. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 9 for additional precautions.

Standard Test Method for Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Continuous Measurement by Nondispersive Infrared Spectrometry)

ASTM D6332-12(2017) 测量一氧化碳测量器对气体和蒸气的动态反应的试验系统的标准指南

5.1 This guide provides information on testing systems and their components used for measuring responses of CO alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. Components of a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation. 5.2 The CO detector is tested by sequential exposure to CO and interference gases at the specified challenge concentrations. A properly functioning alarm/detector will sound upon sufficient exposure to CO but will not sound upon any exposure to interference gases consistent with applicable standards (for example, IAS 6-96 (1),5 L 2034). 1.1 This guide describes testing systems used for measuring responses of carbon monoxide (CO) alarms or detectors subjected to gases, vapors, and their mixtures. 1.2 The systems are used to evaluate responses of CO detectors to various CO concentrations, to verify that the detectors alarm at certain specified CO concentrations, and to verify that CO detectors do not alarm at certain other specified CO concentrations. 1.3 The systems are used for evaluating CO detector responses to gases and vapors that may interfere with the ability of detectors to respond to CO. 1.4 Major components of such a testing system include a chamber, clean air supply module, humidification module, gas and vapor delivery module, and verification and control instrumentation. 1.5 For each component, this guide provides a comparison of different approaches and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. 1.6 The guide also presents recommendations for a minimum configuration of a testing system. 1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific safety precautionary information, see 6.2. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Testing Systems for Measuring Dynamic Responses of Carbon Monoxide Detectors to Gases and Vapors

BS ISO 16000-4:2011 室内空气.甲醛的测定.扩散抽样法

Indoor air. Determination of formaldehyde. Diffusive sampling method

ISO 16000-4:2011 室内空气.第4部分:甲醛的测定.分散取样法

Indoor air - Part 4: Determination of formaldehyde - Diffusive sampling method

ISO 16000-6:2011 室内空气.第6部分:通过在泰纳克斯TA吸收剂上活性取样、热解吸和MS或MS/FID气相色谱法测定室内和试验室空气中挥发性有机化合物的含量

Indoor air - Part 6: Determination of volatile organic compounds in indoor and test chamber air by active sampling on Tenax TA sorbent, thermal desorption and gas chromatography using MS or MS-FID

BS ISO 16000-3:2011 室内空气.室内空气和实验室空气内甲醛和其他羰基化合物含量的测定.现行抽样方法

Indoor air. Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber air. Active sampling method

ISO 16000-3:2011 室内空气.第3部分:室内空气和试验室空气中甲醛和其它羰基化合物含量的测定.主动抽样法

Indoor air - Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor air and test chamber air - Active sampling method

DIN EN 15980:2011 空气质量.苯并(a)蒽,苯并(b)荧蒽,苯并(j)荧蒽,苯并(k)荧蒽,苯并[a]芘,二苯并(a,h)蒽和茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘沉积物的测定,德文版本EN 15980-2011

This document specifies a method for the determination of the atmospheric deposition of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[j]fluoranthene (BjF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBahA) and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (INP), that can, for example, be used in the framework of Council Directive 2004/107/EC. The Standard specifies performance requirements with which the methods have to comply in order to meet the data quality objectives given in this Directive. This document specifies methods for sampling, sample preparation and analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectroscopic detection (GC/MS) or high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD)). The funnel-bottle bulk collector is used as the standard collector.

Air quality - Determination of the deposition of benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[j]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene; German version EN 15980:2011

NF X43-357*NF EN 15980:2011 空气质量.测定沉积的苯(a)蒽,苯并(b)荧蒽,苯并(j)荧蒽,苯并(k)荧蒽,苯并(a)芘,二苯蒽(a,h)和茚并(1,2,3-cd)芘.

Air quality - Determination of the deposition of benz(a)anthracene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(j)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene.

DIN CEN/TS 16115-1:2011 环境空气质量.气溶胶测量.第1部分:使用过滤器抽样系统和培养基分析的霉菌测定.德文版本CEN/TS 16115-1-2011

Ambient air quality - Measurement of bioaerosols - Part 1: Determination of moulds using filter sampling systems and culture-based analyses; German version CEN/TS 16115-1:2011

BS EN 15980:2011 空气质量.苯[a]蒽,苯并[b]荧蒽,苯并[j]荧蒽,苯并[k]荧蒽,苯并[a]芘,二苯[a,h]蒽和茚并[1,2,3-cd]芘沉积物的测定

This document specifies a method for the determination of the bulk deposition of benz[a]anthracene (BaA), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), benzo[j]fluoranthene (BjF), benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBahA) and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (INP), which can be used in the framework of Directive 2004/107/EC. This European Standard specifies performance requirements with which the method has to comply in order to meet the data quality objectives given in this Directive. This document specifies methods for sampling, sample preparation and analysis using gas chromatography with mass spectroscopic detection (GC/MS) or high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC/FLD). The funnel-bottle bulk collector is used as the standard collector. The method is applicable for deposition measurements in  rural and remote areas,  industrial areas,  urban areas. The standard is applicable in the range from a few ng/(m⋅ d) to a few hundred ng/(m⋅ d).

Air quality. Determination of the deposition of benz[a]anthracene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[j]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene

DIN EN ISO 10801:2011 纳米技术.蒸发/冷凝法测试金属纳米粒子吸入毒性的产生(ISO 10801-2010);德文版本EN ISO 10801-2010

Nanotechnologies - Generation of metal nanoparticles for inhalation toxicity testing using the evaporation/condensation method (ISO 10801:2010); German version EN ISO 10801:2010

DIN EN ISO 10808:2011 纳米技术.在吸入暴露室中测试纳米粒子吸入毒性的特征(ISO 10808-2010);德文版本EN ISO 10808-2010

This International Standard specifies requirements for characterization of airborne nanoparticles in inhalation exposure chambers for the purpose of inhalation toxicity studies in terms of particle mass, size distribution, number concentration and composition.

Nanotechnologies - Characterization of nanoparticles in inhalation exposure chambers for inhalation toxicity testing (ISO 10808:2010); German version EN ISO 10808:2010

BS 10175:2011+A1:2013 潜在污染地的勘测.实施规程

This British Standard gives recommendations for, and guidance on, the investigation of land potentially affected by contamination and land with naturally elevated concentrations of potentially harmful substances, to determine or manage any risks. It covers: a)setting the objectives of an investigation; b)developing a strategy for the investigation; c)designing the different phases of the investigation; d)sampling and field testing; e)laboratory analysis; f)reporting.

Investigation of potentially contaminated sites. Code of practice

HJ 604-2011 环境空气.总烃的测定.气相色谱法

本标准规定了测定环境空气中总烃的气相色谱法。 本标准适用于环境空气中总烃的测定。 当进样体积为1.0ml时，本方法的检出限为0.04mg/m，测定下限为0.16mg/m。

Ambient air.Determination of total hydrocarbons.Gas chromatographic method

ASTM D7034-11 获取基于健康和舒适考虑的飞机座舱中气载化学污染物的合格等级的标准指南

Although cabin air quality has been measured on numerous occasions and in many studies, there is very little guidance available for interpreting such data. Guidance for identifying contaminants and associated exposure levels that would cause concern in aircraft cabins is very limited. FAA Airworthiness Standards (14 CFR 25) constitute the only source of regulatory guidance that explicitly applies to the aircraft cabin environment. The FAA standards, however, define acceptable exposure limits for a limited number of chemical contaminants (ozone, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide). Another limitation of the FAA standards is that these are design standards only and are not operational standards; thus, once an aircraft is put in service these standards are not strictly applicable. Measurements of aircraft cabin air quality often lead to a much larger list of volatile and semi-volatile organic chemicals of potential concern. Exposures to these chemicals, however, are largely unregulated outside of the industrial workplace. An important feature of the aircraft cabin environment is that both passengers (public) and flight attendants (worker population) occupy it simultaneously. Therefore, workplace exposure guidelines cannot simply be extended to address exposures in aircraft cabin environment. Also, the length of flights and work shifts can vary considerably for flight attendants. Contaminant levels of concern for the general public must account for the non-homogeneity of the population (for example, address sensitive individuals, the differences between passenger and crew activity levels, location, health status, personal microenvironment). Levels of concern associated with industrial workplace exposures typically consider a population of healthy adults exposed for 40 h per week (1). Consequently, exposure criteria developed to protect public health typically are more stringent than those for workers. Given that the aircraft cabin environment must meet the needs of passengers as well as crew, a more stringent concentration level based upon the general population would protect both. Aircraft cabin air quality must be addressed both during flight and on the ground because the conditions during flight are much different than when the aircraft is on the ground.1.1 This guide provides methodology to assist in interpreting results of air quality measurements conducted in aircraft cabins. In particular, the guide describes methodology for deriving acceptable concentrations for airborne chemical contaminants, based on health and comfort considerations. 1.2 The procedures for deriving acceptable concentrations are based on considerations of comfort and health effects, including odor and irritant effects, of individual chemical contaminants being evaluated. The guide does not provide specific benchmark or guidance values for individual chemicals to compare with results of air quality measurements. 1.3 Chemical contaminant exposures under both routine and episodic conditions for passengers and crew are considered. 1.4 This guide does not address airborne microbiological contaminants, which are also important in consideration of aircraft cabin air quality. This guide also does not address methodologies for investigations of air quality complaints. 1.5 This guide assumes that a list of chemical contaminants of potential concern has been developed based on existing concentration, emission, or material composition data. 1.6 The primary information resources for developing acceptable concentrations are databases and documents maintained or published by cognizant authorities or organizations concerned with health effects of exposure to contaminants. 1.7 Acceptable concentrations developed through this guide may be used as a basis for selectin......

Standard Guide for Deriving Acceptable Levels of Airborne Chemical Contaminants in Aircraft Cabins Based on Health and Comfort Considerations

ASTM D4861-11 空气中农药和多氯联苯的抽样和选择分析技术的标准操作规程

This practice is recommended for use primarily for non-occupational exposure monitoring in domiciles, public access buildings, and offices. The methods described in this practice have been successfully applied to measurement of pesticides and PCBs in outdoor air and for personal respiratory exposure monitoring. A broad spectrum of pesticides are commonly used in and around the house and for insect control in public and commercial buildings. Other semivolatile organic chemicals, such as PCBs, are also often present in indoor air, particularly in large office buildings. This practice promotes needed precision and bias in the determination of many of these airborne chemicals.1.1 This practice covers the sampling of air for a variety of common pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and provides guidance on the selection of appropriate analytical measurement methods. Other compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzodioxins/furans, polybrominated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated naphthalenes may be efficiently collected from air by this practice, but guidance on their analytical determination is not covered by this practice. 1.2 A complete listing of pesticides and other semivolatile organic chemicals for which this practice has been tested is shown in Table 1. 1.3 This practice is based on the collection of chemicals from air onto polyurethane foam (PUF) or a combination of PUF and granular sorbent. 1.4 This practice is applicable to multicomponent atmospheres, 0.001 to 50-μg/m3 concentrations, and 4 to 24-h sampling periods. The limit of detection will depend on the nature of the analyte and the length of the sampling period. 1.5 The analytical method(s) recommended will depend on the specific chemical(s) sought, the concentration level, and the degree of specificity required. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

Standard Practice for Sampling and Selection of Analytical Techniques for Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Air

ASTM D7706-11 采用微空腔快速扫描产品的挥发性有机化合物排放物的标准操作规程

Manufacturers increasingly are being asked or required to demonstrate that vapor-phase emissions of chemicals of concern from their products under normal use conditions comply with various voluntary or regulatory acceptance criteria. This process typically requires manufacturers to have their products periodically tested for VOC emissions by independent laboratories using designated reference test methods (for example, Test Method D6007, ISO 16000-9, and ISO 16000-10). To ensure continuing compliance, manufacturers may opt to, or be required to, implement screening tests at the production level. Reference methods for testing chemical emissions from products are rigorous and typically are too time-consuming and impractical for routine emission screening in a production environment. Micro-scale chambers are unique in that their small size and operation at moderately elevated temperatures facilitate rapid equilibration and shortened testing times. Provided a sufficiently repeatable correlation with reference test results can be demonstrated, appropriate control levels can be established and micro-scale chamber data can be used to monitor product manufacturing for likely compliance with reference acceptance criteria. Enhanced turnaround time for results allows for more timely adjustment of parameters to maintain consistent production with respect to vapor-phase chemical emissions. This practice can also be used to monitor the quality of raw materials for manufacturing processes. The use of elevated temperatures additionally facilitates screening tests for emissions of semi-volatile VOCs (SVOCs) such as some phthalate esters and other plasticizers.1.1 This practice describes a micro-scale chamber apparatus and associated procedures for rapidly screening materials and products for their vapor-phase emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds. It is intended to complement, not replace reference methods for measuring chemical emissions for example, small-scale chamber tests (Guide D5116) and emission cell tests (Practice D7143). 1.2 This practice is suitable for use in and outside of laboratories, in manufacturing sites and in field locations with access to electrical power. 1.3 Compatible material/product types that may be tested in the micro-scale chamber apparatus include rigid materials, dried or cured paints and coatings, compressible products, and small, irregularly-shaped components such as polymer beads. 1.4 This practice describes tests to correlate emission results obtained from the micro-scale chamber with results obtained from VOC emission reference methods (for example, Guide D5116, Test Method D6007, Practice D7143, and ISO 16000-9 and ISO 16000-10). 1.5 The micro-scale chamber apparatus operates at moderately elevated temperatures, 30°C to 60°C, to eliminate the need for cooling, to reduce test times, boost emission rates, and enhance analytical signals for routine emission screening, and to facilitate screening of semi-volatile VOC (SVOC) emissions such as emissions of some phthalate esters and other plasticizers. 1.6 Gas sample collection and chemical analysis are dependent upon the nature of the VOCs targeted......

Standard Practice for Rapid Screening of VOC Emissions from Products Using Micro-Scale Chambers

ASTM E741-11 单区内空气变化追踪气体稀释法测定的标准试验方法

Effects of Air Change8212;Air change often accounts for a significant portion of the heating or air-conditioning load of a building. It also affects the moisture and contaminant balances in the building. Moisture-laden air passing through the building envelope can permit condensation and cause material degradation. An appropriate level of ventilation is required in all buildings; one should consult ASHRAE Standard 62 to determine the ventilation requirements of a building. Prediction of Air Change8212;Air change depends on the size and distribution of air leakage sites, pressure differences induced by wind and temperature, mechanical system operation, and occupant behavior. Air change may be calculated from this information, however, many of the needed parameters are difficult to determine. Tracer gas testing permits direct measurement of air change. Utility of Measurement8212;Measurements of air change provide useful information about ventilation and air leakage. Measurements in buildings with the ventilation system closed are used to determine whether natural air leakage rates are higher than specified. Measurements with the ventilation system in operation are used to determine whether the air change meets or exceeds requirements. Known Conditions8212;Knowledge of the factors that affect air change makes measurement more meaningful. Relating building response to wind and temperature requires repetition of the test under varying meteorological conditions. Relating building response to the ventilation system or to occupant behavior requires controlled variation of these factors. Applicability of Results8212;The values for air change obtained by the techniques used in this test method apply to the specific conditions prevailing at the time of the measurement. Air change values for the same building will differ if the prevailing wind and temperature conditions have changed, if the operation of the building is different, or if the envelope changes between measurements because of construction or deterioration. To determine air leakage sites, follow Practice E1186. Fan Pressurization8212;A related technique (Test Method E779) uses a fan to pressurize the building envelope. Measurements of corresponding air flows and pressure differences across the envelope characterize envelope airtightness as either the air leakage rate under specified induced pressure differences or the equivalent leakage area of the envelope. These factors permit modeling natural air change due to wind and temperature differences. However, direct measurement of natural air change is not possible with Test Method E779. Test Method E779 permits comparison of different buildings, isolation of leakage sites, and evaluation of retrofit measures. 1.1 This test method covers techniques using tracer gas dilution for determining a single zone''s air change with the outdoors, as induced by weather conditions and by mechanical ventilation. These techniques are: (1) concentration decay, (2) constant injection, and (3) constant concentration. 1.2 This test method is restricted to any single tracer......

Standard Test Method for Determining Air Change in a Single Zone by Means of a Tracer Gas Dilution

ASTM D4856-11 工作场所空气中混合纤维素酯过滤器(离子色谱分析)所收集硫酸雾性能的测定的标准试验方法

Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of fertilizer, explosives, dyestuffs, other acids, parchment paper, glue, lead acid batteries, textiles, etc., and in the pickling of metals. This test method has been found to be satisfactory in the measurement of sulfuric acid for comparison with relevant occupational exposure limits.1.1 This ion chromatographic test method describes the determination of sulfuric acid mist in air samples collected from workplace atmospheres on a mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter. Note 18212;Other filter types such as quartz fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters are also suitable. 1.2 The lower detection limit of this test method is 0.001 mg/sample or 0.017 mg/m3 of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) mist in 60 L of air sampled at 1 L/min. 1.3 This test method is subject to interference from soluble and partially soluble sulfate salts. Other sulfur-containing compounds can be oxidized to sulfate and also interfere. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 No detailed instrument operating instructions are provided because of differences among various makes and models of ion chromatography (IC) systems. Instead, the analyst shall follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer of the particular instrument, analytical column, and suppressors used. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfuric Acid Mist in Workplace Atmospheres Collected on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters (Ion Chromatographic Analysis)