75.040 原油 标准查询与下载

ASTM D3230-19 原油中盐的标准试验方法（电测法）

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the approximate chloride (salts) concentration in crude oil. The range of concentration covered is 3.5 mg ⁄kg to 500 mg ⁄kg or 1.0 lb ⁄1000 bbl to 150 lb ⁄1000 bbl (PTB) as chloride concentration/volume of crude oil. 1.2 This test method measures conductivity in the crude oil due to the presence of common chlorides, such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. Other conductive materials may also be present in the crude oil. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3.1 Exception—Acceptable concentration units are g/m3 or PTB (lb/1000 bbl). 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.3, 7.4, and 7.11. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)

ASTM D2502-14(2019) 根据粘度测量估算石油平均相对分子质量的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Estimation of Mean Relative Molecular Mass of Petroleum Oils from Viscosity Measurements

ASTM D5002-18 用数字密度分析仪测定原油密度、相对密度和API比重的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer

ASTM D1401-18b 石油和合成液体的水可分性的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids

ASTM D5002-18e1 用数字密度分析仪测定原油密度、相对密度和API比重的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer

ASTM D7157-18 用于测定含沥青质残渣 重油和原油的固有稳定性的标准测试方法（ -phph> -Heptane相分离;光学检测）

Standard Test Method for Determination of Intrinsic Stability of Asphaltene-Containing Residues, Heavy Fuel Oils, and Crude Oils (n-Heptane Phase Separation; Optical Detectio

ASTM D2892-18a 原油蒸馏标准试验方法（15理论板柱）

Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)

ASTM D7829-13(2018) 原油中沉积物和水分测定标准指南

1.1 This guide covers a summary of the water and sediment determination methods from the API MPMS Chapter 10 for crude oils. The purpose of this guide is to provide a quick reference to these methodologies such that the reader can make the appropriate decision regarding which method to use based on the associated benefits, uses, drawbacks and limitations. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Sediment and Water Determination in Crude Oil

ASTM D4928-12(2018) 用库仑卡尔费休滴定法测定原油中水的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of water in the range from 0.02 to 5.00 mass or volume % in crude oils. Mercaptan (RSH) and sulfide (S− or H2S) as sulfur are known to interfere with this test method, but at levels of less than 500 µg ⁄g [ppm(m)], the interference from these compounds is insignificant (see Section 6). 1.2 This test method can be used to determine water in the 0.005 to 0.02 mass % range, but the effects of the mercaptan and sulfide interference at these levels has not been determined. For the range 0.005 to 0.02 mass %, there is no precision or bias statement. 1.3 This test method is intended for use with standard commercially available coulometric Karl Fischer reagent. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 8. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration

ASTM D3230-13(2018) 原油中盐的标准试验方法（电测法）

Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)

ASTM D8056-18 原油元素分析标准指南

1.1 This guide summarizes the current information about the test methods for elemental and associated analyses used in the analysis of crude oils. This information can be helpful in trade between the buyers and sellers of crude oil. Elemental analyses tests form an important part of quantifying the crude oil quality. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis of Crude Oil

ASTM D7157-12(2018) 用于测定含沥青质残渣 重油和原油的固有稳定性的标准测试方法（ -phph> -Heptane相分离;光学检测）

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for quantifying the intrinsic stability of the asphaltenes in an oil by an automatic instrument using an optical device. 1.2 This test method is applicable to residual products from thermal and hydrocracking processes, to products typical of Specifications D396 Grades No. 5L, 5H, and 6, and D2880 Grades No. 3-GT and 4-GT, and to crude oils, providing these products contain 0.5 % by mass or greater concentration of asphaltenes (see Test Method D6560). 1.3 This test method quantifies asphaltene stability in terms of state of peptization of the asphaltenes (S-value), intrinsic stability of the oily medium (So) and the solvency requirements of the peptized asphaltenes (Sa). 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Intrinsic Stability of Asphaltene-Containing Residues, Heavy Fuel Oils, and Crude Oils (n-Heptane Phase Separation; Optical Detectio

ASTM D1401-18a 石油和合成液体的水可分性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers measurement of the ability of petroleum oils or synthetic fluids to separate from water. Although developed specifically for steam-turbine oils having viscosities of 28.8 mm2 /s to 90 mm2 /s at 40 °C, this test method may be used to test oils of other types having various viscosities and synthetic fluids at other test temperatures. It is recommended, however, that the test temperature be raised to 82 °C 6 1 °C when testing products more viscous than 90 mm2 /s at 40 °C. For higher viscosity oils where there is insufficient mixing of oil and water, Test Method D2711 is recommended. Other test temperatures such as 25 °C may also be used. A 1 % sodium choloride (NaCl) solution or synthetic seawater may be used in place of distilled water when testing certain oils or fuels used in marine applications. 1.2 When testing synthetic fluids whose relative densities are greater than that of water, the procedure is unchanged, but it should be noted that the water will probably float on the emulsion or liquid. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids

ASTM D1401-18 石油和合成液体的水可分性的标准试验方法

Standard Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids

ASTM D4489-95(2017) 水性油样的标准实施规程

1.1 These practices describe the procedures to be used in collecting samples of waterborne oils (see Practice D3415), oil found on adjoining shorelines, or oil-soaked debris, for comparison of oils by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, and for elemental analyses. 1.2 Two practices are described. Practice A involves “grab sampling” macro oil samples. Practice B can be used to sample most types of waterborne oils and is particularly applicable in sampling thin oil films or slicks. Practice selection will be dictated by the physical characteristics and the location of the spilled oil. These two practices are: Sections Practice A (for grab sampling thick layers of oil, viscous oils or oil soaked debris, oil globules, tar balls, or stranded oil) 9 to 13 Practice B (for TFE–fluorocarbon polymer strip samplers) 14 to 17 1.3 Each of the two practices is designed to collect oil samples with a minimum of water, thereby reducing the possibility of chemical, physical, or biological alteration by prolonged contact with water between the time of collection and analysis. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 7. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Practices for Sampling of Waterborne Oils

ASTM D5853-17a 原油倾点标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the determination of the pour point temperatures of crude oils down to −36 °C. Procedure A provides a measure of the maximum (upper) pour point temperature and is described in 9.1. Procedure B provides a measure of the minimum (lower) pour point temperature and is described in 9.2. 1.2 The use of this test method is limited to use for crude oils. Pour point temperatures of other petroleum products can be determined by Test Method D97. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products in your state or country may be prohibited by law. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Pour Point of Crude Oils

ASTM D4929-17 原油中有机氯化物含量测定的标准试验方法

1.1 The procedures in this test method cover the determination of organic chloride (above 1 µg/g organically-bound chlorine) in crude oils, using either distillation and sodium biphenyl reduction, distillation and microcoulometry, or distillation and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. 1.2 The procedures in this test method involve the distillation of crude oil test specimens to obtain a naphtha fraction prior to chloride determination. The chloride content of the naphtha fraction of the whole crude oil can thereby be obtained. See Section 5 regarding potential interferences. 1.3 Procedure A covers the determination of organic chloride in the washed naphtha fraction of crude oil by sodium biphenyl reduction followed by potentiometric titration. 1.4 Procedure B covers the determination of organic chloride in the washed naphtha fraction of crude oil by oxidative combustion followed by microcoulometric titration. 1.5 Procedure C covers the determination of organic chloride in the washed naphtha fraction of crude oil by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6.1 The preferred concentration units are micrograms of chloride per gram of sample. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil

ASTM D7059-09(2017) 用多维气相色谱法测定原油中甲醇的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of methanol in crude oils by direct injection multidimensional gas chromatography in the concentration range of 15 ppm (m/m) to 900 ppm (m/m). The pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ) is 15 ppm (m/m). 1.2 This test method is applicable only to crude oils containing less than or equal to 0.1 % (v/v) water. 1.3 This test method has not been tested with crude oil samples that are solid or waxy, or both, at ambient temperatures. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Alternate units, in common usage, are also provided to increase clarity and aid the users of this test method. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Determination of Methanol in Crude Oils by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography

ASTM D8150-17 用蒸馏法测定原油中有机氯含量的标准试验方法 然后用燃烧离子色谱法进行检测

Standard Test Method for Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil by Distillation Followed by Detection Using Combustion Ion Chromatography

ASTM D6822-12b(2017)e1 用热比重计法测定原油和液态石油产品的密度、相对密度和API比重的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination, using a glass thermohydrometer in conjunction with a series of calculations, of the density, relative density, or API gravity of crude petroleum, petroleum products, or mixtures of petroleum and nonpetroleum products normally handled as liquids and having a Reid vapor pressures of 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi) or less. Values are determined at existing temperatures and corrected to 15 °C or 60 °F by means of a series of calculations and international standard tables. 1.2 The initial thermohydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a thermohydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1). 1.3 Readings determined as density, relative density, or API gravity can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternate reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures (API MPMS Chapter 11.5) or Adjunct to D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter 11.1), or both, or tables as applicable. 1.4 The initial thermohydrometer reading shall be recorded before performing any calculations. The calculations required in Section 9 shall be applied to the initial thermohydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination). 1.5 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment of this test method. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. 1.6.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method