E38 绝缘油 标准查询与下载

ASTM D2140-03 石油制绝缘油的碳类组分的标准试验方法

The primary purpose of this test method is to characterize the carbon-type composition of an oil. It is also applicable in observing the effect on oil constitution, of various refining processes such as hydrotreating, solvent extraction, and so forth. It has secondary application in relating the chemical nature of an oil to other phenomena that have been demonstrated to be related to oil composition. Results obtained by this method are similar to, but not identical with, results obtained from Test Method D 3238. The relationship between the two methods and the equations used in deriving Fig. 1 are discussed in the literature.5 Although this test method tends to give consistent results, it may not compare with direct measurement test methods such as Test Method D 2007.1.1 This test method may be used to determine the carbon-type composition of mineral insulating oils by correlation with basic physical properties. For routine analytical purposes it eliminates the necessity for complex fractional separation and purification procedures. The test method is applicable to oils having average molecular weights from 200 to above 600, and 0 to 50 aromatic carbon atoms. 1.2 Carbon-type composition is expressed as percentage of aromatic carbons, percentage of naphthenic carbons, and percentage of paraffinic carbons. These values can be obtained from the correlation chart, Fig. 1, if both the viscosity-gravity constant (VGC) and refractivity intercept (rI) of the oil are known. Viscosity, density and specific gravity, and refractive index are the only experimental data required for use of this test method. 1.3 This test method is useful for determining the carbon-type composition of electrical insulating oils of the types commonly used in electric power transformers and transmission cables. It is primarily intended for use with new oils, either inhibited or uninhibited. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin

ASTM D1275-03 电绝缘油中腐蚀性硫的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the detection of corrosive sulfur compounds in electrical insulating oils of petroleum origin. 1.2 Mineral insulating oils may contain substances that cause corrosion under certain conditions of use. This test method is designed to detect the presence of free sulfur and corrosive sulfur compounds by subjecting copper to contact with oil under prescribed conditions. 1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Oils

ASTM D6871-03(2008) 电气设施中使用的天然(植物油)酯液体的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers a high fire point natural vegetable oil ester insulating fluid for use as a dielectric and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus such as transformers and attendant equipment. 1.2 Natural vegetable oil ester insulating fluid differs from conventional mineral oil and other high fire point (or “less-flammable”) fluids in that it is an agricultural product derived from vegetable oils rather than refined from petroleum base stocks or synthesized from organic precursors. 1.3 This specification is intended to define a natural vegetable oil ester electrical insulating fluid that is compatible with typical materials of construction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in this application. The material described in this specification may not be miscible with some synthetic electrical insulating liquids. The user should contact the manufacturer of the natural ester insulating fluid for guidance in this respect. 1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating fluid as received prior to any processing. The user should contact the manufacturer of the equipment or fluid if questions of recommended characteristics or maintenance procedures arise. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

Standard Specification for Natural (Vegetable Oil) Ester Fluids Used in Electrical Apparatus

EN 50375:2002 电绝缘油用的刮油器的测试方法

This European Standard specifies testing procedures for fibrous wipers to be used with equipment normally containing electrical insulating oil. Such testing is necessary to rank commercial products, so that possible contamination of insulating oil and electrical equipment with fibres during maintenance operations may be minimized.

Testing methodology for wipers used in electrical insulating oil

DIN EN 50353:2002 绝缘油.用显微镜计数法测定纤维污染

Insulating oil - Determination of fibre contamination by the counting method using a microscope; German version EN 50353:2001

ASTM D3612-02 用气体色谱分离法分析电绝缘油中溶解的气体成分的标准试验方法

Oil and oil-immersed electrical insulation materials may decompose under the influence of thermal and electrical stresses, and in doing so, generate gaseous decomposition products of varying composition which dissolve in the oil. The nature and amount of the individual component gases that may be recovered and analyzed may be indicative of the type and degree of the abnormality responsible for the gas generation. The rate of gas generation and changes in concentration of specific gases over time are also used to evaluate the condition of the electric apparatus. Note 18212;Guidelines for the interpretation of gas-in-oil data are given in IEEE C57.104. 1.1 This test method covers three procedures for extraction and measurement of gases dissolved in electrical insulating oil having a viscosity of 20 cSt (100 SUS) or less at 40176;C (104176;F), and the identification and determination of the individual component gases extracted. Other methods have been used to perform this analysis.1.2 The individual component gases that may be identified and determined include: Hydrogen8212;H2 Oxygen8212;O2 Nitrogen8212;N2 Carbon monoxide8212;CO Carbon dioxide8212;CO2 Methane8212;CH4 Ethane8212;C2H6 Ethylene8212;C2H4 Acetylene8212;C2H2 Propane8212;C3H8 Propylene8212;C3H61.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements see 6.1.8, 30.2.2 and 30.3.1.

Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography

ASTM D3455-02 施工材料同产自石油的电绝缘油可混用性的标准试验方法

The magnitude of the changes in the electrical properties of the insulating oil are of importance in determining the contamination of the oil by the test specimen. Physical and chemical changes in the oil such as color, interfacial tension and acidity, also indicate solubility or other adverse effects of the test specimen on the oil. Physical changes of the test specimen such as hardness, swelling, and discoloration show the effect of the oil on the test specimen and are used to determine the suitability of the material for use in insulating oil. A material meeting the criteria recommended does not necessarily indicate suitability for use in electrical equipment. Other properties must also be considered. Additionally, certain materials containing additives may meet the requirements of these test methods, yet be unsatisfactory when subjected to longer term evaluations. Examples of such materials are polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based compounds, nylon and elastomeric compounds.1.1 These test methods cover screening for the compatibility of materials of construction with electrical insulating oil for use in electrical equipment.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Construction Material with Electrical Insulating Oil of Petroleum Origin

ASTM D2668-02e1 红外线吸收法测定电绝缘油中2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和2,6-二叔丁基对苯酚的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight percent of 2,6-ditertiary-butyl paracresol and 2,6-ditertiary-butyl phenol in new or used electrical insulating oil in concentrations up to 0.5 % by measuring its absorbance at the specified wavelengths in the infrared spectrum.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for 2,6-di-tert-Butyl- p-Cresol and 2,6-di-tert-Butyl Phenol in Electrical Insulating Oil by Infrared Absorption

ASTM D2668-02 红外线吸收法测定电绝缘油中2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚和2,6-二叔丁基对苯酚的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the weight percent of 2,6-ditertiary-butyl paracresol and 2,6-ditertiary-butyl phenol in new or used electrical insulating oil in concentrations up to 0.5 % by measuring its absorbance at the specified wavelengths in the infrared spectrum.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for 2,6-di-tert-Butyl- p-Cresol and 2,6-di-tert-Butyl Phenol in Electrical Insulating Oil by Infrared Absorption

ASTM D6802-02(2010) 用光谱法测定矿质绝缘油中可溶解的衰减产品相对含量的标准试验方法

The content of dissolved decay products in insulating oils is made up of a variety of compounds, such as peroxides, aldehydes, ketones, and organic acids. Each of them is partially adsorbed on the large surface of paper insulation leading to the premature aging of power transformers. The relative assessment of byproduct formation, therefore, can be used as an indicator of the aging of the mineral oil.1.1 This test method characterizes by spectrophotometry the relative level of dissolved decay products in mineral insulating oils of petroleum origin. While new oil is almost transparent to a monochromatic beam of light in the visible spectrum, the increasing concentration of dissolved decay products shift the absorbance curve to longer wavelengths. 1.2 This test method is applicable to compare the extent of dissolved decay products for oils in service. It can assess the effectiveness of used or stored oil purification during the reclamation process, as well. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Test Method for Determination of the Relative Content Of Dissolved Decay Products in Mineral Insulating Oils by Spectrophotometry

ASTM D6802-02 用光谱法测定矿质绝缘油中可溶解的衰减产品相对含量的试验方法

The content of dissolved decay products in insulating oils is made up of a variety of compounds, such as peroxides, aldehydes, ketones, and organic acids. Each of them is partially adsorbed on the large surface of paper insulation leading to the premature aging of power transformers. The relative assessment of byproduct formation, therefore, can be used as an indicator of the aging of the mineral oil.1.1 This test method characterizes by spectrophotometry the relative level of dissolved decay products in mineral insulating oils of petroleum origin. While new oil is almost transparent to a monochromatic beam of light in the visible spectrum, the increasing concentration of dissolved decay products shift the absorbance curve to longer wavelengths.1.2 This test method is applicable to compare the extent of dissolved decay products for oils in service. It can assess the effectiveness of used or stored oil purification during the reclamation process, as well.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Test Method for Determination of the Relative Content Of Dissolved Decay Products in Mineral Insulating Oils by Spectrophotometry

BS EN 50353:2001 绝缘油.用显微镜计数法测定纤维污染物

This European Standard specifies two methods for determining the fibre contamination of mineral insulating oil used in electrotechnical equipment, based on filtering a sample of oil and examining and counting the number of fibres on the surface of the filter using an optical microscope. Fibres down to 100 μm in length can be sized and counted by these methods. The methods are applicable both to unused oils and to oils in service. The method specified in the main text is applicable to oil samples taken from barrelled oil or from electrotechnical equipment in service, in which the fibre concentration is expected to be relatively high. The alternative method specified in annex A is applicable to samples taken from new oil in bulk containers, or from large transformers which have not been operated much since they were filled, in which the fibre concentration is expected to be relatively low. NOTE These methods are also suitable for other insulating liquids such as silicones and synthetic esters.

Insulating oil - Determination of fibre contamination by the counting method using a microscope

BS 5730:2001 电气设备中矿物绝缘油维护和监测指南

This British Standard gives guidance on the monitoring and maintenance of the quality of the insulating oil in electrical equipment. This standard is applicable to mineral insulating oils, originally conforming to BS 148, in transformers, switchgear and similar electrical apparatus where oil sampling is reasonably practicable and where the normal operating conditions specified in the equipment specifications apply. The purpose of this standard is to assist the power equipment operator in evaluating the condition of oil in equipment and in maintaining the oil in a serviceable condition. To this end, the standard gives recommendations on standardized tests and evaluation procedures and outlines methods for reconditioning and reclaiming oil. NOTE It is recognized that the oil in certain types of equipment may contain dissolved gases and furanic compounds, the analysis of which may be useful in assessing the condition of the insulation system. The methods of analysis are given in BS EN 60567, BS EN 60599 and BS EN 61198. The interpretation of the results with respect to plant condition monitoring is outside the scope of the standard.

Monitoring and maintenance guide for mineral insulating oils in electrical equipment

ASTM D3809-01 电容器用合成介质电解液的标准试验方法

1.1 These test methods cover testing synthetic dielectric fluids currently in use for capacitors. The methods are generally suitable for specification acceptance, factory control, referee testing, and research. Their applicability to future fluids has not been determined.1.2 The scope of some of the test methods listed here apply to petroleum oils, but have been found suitable for synthetic fluids.1.3 For methods relating to polybutene fluids refer to Specification D2296.1.4 For methods relating to silicone fluids refer to Test Methods D2225.1.5 A list of properties and standards are as follows:Property MeasuredSectionASTM Test MethodPhysical:Coefficient of thermal expansion6D 1903Flash point7D 92Pour point8D 97Refractive index9 D 1218Relative Density/Specific gravity10 D 1298Viscosity11D 445Chemical:Acid number12D 664Water content13D 1533Electrical:Relative permittivity14 D 924Dielectric strength15D 877D 1816Dissipation factor16D 9241.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Method for Testing Synthetic Dielectric Fluids For Capacitors

ASTM D3612-01 用气相色谱法分析电绝缘油中不溶气体的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers three procedures for extraction and measurement of gases dissolved in electrical insulating oil having a viscosity of 20 cSt (100 SUS) or less at 40oC (104oF), and the identification and determination of the individual component gases extracted. Other methods have been used to perform this analysis.1.2 The individual component gases that may be identified and determined include: Hydrogen-H2 Oxygen-O2 Nitrogen-N2 Carbon monoxide-CO Carbon dioxide-CO2 Methane-CH4 Ethane-C2H6 Ethylene-C2H4 Acetylene-C2H2 Propane-C3H8 Propylene-C3H61.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see 6.1.8.

Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography

ASTM D2112-01a(2007) 用压力容器法测定防腐蚀矿物绝缘油氧化稳定性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers and is intended as a rapid method for the evaluation of the oxidation stability of new mineral insulating oils containing a synthetic oxidation inhibitor. This test is considered of value in checking the oxidation stability of new mineral insulating oils containing 2,6-ditertiary-butyl para-cresol or 2,6-ditertiary-butyl phenol, or both, in order to control the continuity of this property from shipment to shipment. The applicability of this procedure for use with inhibited mineral insulating oils of more than 12 cSt at 40176;C (approximately 65 SUS at 100F) has not been established.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See warning in 6.7.)Note 1A modification of this test method, which uses the same procedure and apparatus but a higher (150176;C) bath temperature, has been published as Test Method D 2272.

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel

ASTM D878-01(2006) 绝缘油中无机氯化物和硫酸盐的标准试验方法

The presence of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in oil in contact with metal surfaces in electrical equipment can result in corrosion of transformer components. The deterioration of metal surfaces is dependent upon the quantity of the corrosive agent and the operating environment. Although not quantitative, this test method is a means for recognizing the potential for such a hazard.1.1 This test method describes the qualitative determination of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils. Note 1 - It should be pointed out that if the strong acids, hydrochloric and sulfuric, are present, they will give positive results for chlorides and sulfates, respectively.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils

ASTM D878-01e1 绝缘油中无机氯化物和硫酸盐的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils. Note 18212;It should be pointed out that if the strong acids, hydrochloric and sulfuric, are present, they will give positive results for chlorides and sulfates, respectively. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils

ASTM D878-01 绝缘油中无机氯化物和硫酸盐的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers the qualitative determination of inorganic chlorides and sulfates in electrical insulating oils. Note 18212;It should be pointed out that if the strong acids, hydrochloric and sulfuric, are present, they will give positive results for chlorides and sulfates, respectively. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils

ASTM D2112-01a 用旋转弹法测定防腐蚀矿物绝缘油氧化稳定性的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method is intended as a rapid method for the evaluation of the oxidation stability of new mineral insulating oils containing a synthetic oxidation inhibitor. This test is considered of value in checking the oxidation stability of new mineral insulating oils containing 2,6-ditertiary-butyl para-cresol or 2,6-ditertiary-butyl phenol, or both, in order to control the continuity of this property from shipment to shipment. The applicability of this procedure for use with inhibited insulating oils of more than 12 cSt at 40176;C (approximately 65 SUS at 100176;F) has not been established. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;A modification of this test method which uses the same procedure and apparatus but a higher (150176;C) bath temperature has been published as Test Method D2272.

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel