A83 包装方法 标准查询与下载

ASTM D6344-98(2003) 运输包装集中冲击的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method covers procedures and equipment for testing complete filled transport packages for resistance against concentrated low-level impacts typical of those encountered in the distribution environment. The test is most appropriate for packages such as thin fluted/lighter grade corrugated boxes or stretch-wrapped packaging.1.2 The test result is a pass/fail determination, based on acceptance criteria previously established, and a record of the energy dissipated by the complete filled transport package during a low level concentrated impact.Note 18212;This test method discusses the conduct of the test from a prescribed height that either meets or does not meet specific acceptance criteria. It may be possible to conduct this type of testing using modified procedures that provide a numerical response. These might include an incremental test where the drop height (or mass) is increased until a specific failure occurs or an up-and-down or staircase procedure used to find the average height to failure.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Concentrated Impacts to Transport Packages

NF H00-202:1997 包装.防儿童拆开的包装.非医药产品用不能再封包的包装的要求和试验程序

Packaging. Child-resistant packaging. Requirements and testing procedures for non-reclosable packages for non-pharmaceutical products.

JIS Z 0235:1997 评估包装用软衬垫材料的试验方法

Testing method of evaluation for package cushioning materials

BOCA IPC-1997 CHAPTER 13-1997 特殊管道和存储系统

Special Piping and Storage Systems

Special Piping and Storage Systems

BOCA IPC-1997 APPENDIX E-1997 水管道系统的规格

The provisions requiring that the excavation left when an unfit structure has been removed be filled in is an obvious, but often neglected means of protecting the public health and safety.

Sizing of Water Piping System

BOCA IPC-1997 APPENDIX G-1997 燃气管道

This table, a nomogram, determines the distribution pipe or manifold length, hole or distribution pipe spacing, number of boles, dis?ibution discharge rate and hole diameter of pressure distribution systems by the placement of a straightedge between two

Fuel-Gas Piping

HB 7461.1-1996 钙塑箱运输包装通用要求

General requirements for calcium plastic box transport packaging

JIS Z 0215:1996 缝制的牛皮纸袋的缝合强度试验方法

この規格は，ミシン縫いクラフト紙袋の縫い目の引張強さ試験方法について規定する。

Testing method of stitch strength for sewn kraft paper sacks

JIS Z 0238:1995 密封软包装的测试方法

Testing methods for sealed flexible packages

KS T 1313-1995 包装用沥青加工纸的防渗色性试验方法

이 규격은 포장용 아스팔트 가공지의 온도 상승에 따른 아스팔트의 삼출에 대한 저항성 시험

Testing method for bleeding resistance of asphalt paper

ASTM D5414-95(2007) 使用张拉薄膜评定载荷的水平冲击性能的标准试验方法

This test method is intended to be used mainly as a means of comparing the performance of unitizing films. It can also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation between these tests results and actual field performance has been established. This test method simulates the horizontal impact elements of the distribution environment. Horizontal impacts are encountered in rail car switching and pallet marshalling procedures, both in the warehouse and during the loading and unloading of transport vehicles. This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user the establishment of test levels and the number of impacts constituting the test so that one might tailor the test to simulate onersquo;particular distribution environment. The section entitled “Element H—Simulated Rail Switching” in Practice D 4169 may provide some guidance in this regard.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a laboratory simulation.1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of shipping and handling used for the unit load under test.1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizontal impacts is described in detail in Test Methods D 4003. This test method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load unitizing.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films

ASTM D5416-95(2012) 使用振动试验评定张拉材料耐磨性能的标准试验方法

This test method is intended to provide only a comparative procedure for evaluating unknown films against a standard or control film whose performance has been defined as adequate in actual field conditions. This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user several key factors, including film wrap method, abrasion surfaces, and definition of failure, so that it can be tailored to an individual user's distribution parameters. This test method is meant to simulate, in an accelerated mode, the abrasion that an outer wrapping of film might encounter in a typical shipping and distribution environment. This is a test procedure that allows the user to make relative comparisons of the abrasion resistance of a film, such as that the film is containing a palletized load while that load is undergoing vibration.1.1 This test method compares the abrasion resistance of similar types of stretch wrap films. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

ASTM D5415-95(2012) 使用振动试验评定张拉材料的载荷保持性能的标准试验方法

This test method is intended to be used mainly as a means of comparing the performance of stretch-wrap films. It can also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation between these test results and actual field performance has been established. This test method simulates the shipping of unitized loads by way of truck and rail, concentrating on the vibration element associated with these modes. Other elements of the distribution system, such as mechanical handling, are not addressed specifically in this test method. This test method establishes a method for rating the performance of films, but it leaves open to the discretion of the user the establishment of an acceptable rating for the specific end-use intended.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to contain unitized loads during shipping. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Load Containment Performance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

ASTM D5414-95(2012) 使用张拉薄膜评定载荷的水平冲击性能的标准试验方法

This test method is intended to be used mainly as a means of comparing the performance of unitizing films. It can also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation between these tests results and actual field performance has been established. This test method simulates the horizontal impact elements of the distribution environment. Horizontal impacts are encountered in rail car switching and pallet marshalling procedures, both in the warehouse and during the loading and unloading of transport vehicles. This test method leaves open to the discretion of the user the establishment of test levels and the number of impacts constituting the test so that one might tailor the test to simulate one's particular distribution environment. The section entitled “Element HSimulated Rail Switching” in Practice D4169 may provide some guidance in this regard.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a laboratory simulation. 1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of shipping and handling used for the unit load under test. 1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizontal impacts is described in detail in Test Methods D4003. This test method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load unitizing. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films

ASTM D5416-95(2001) 使用振动试验评定张拉材料耐磨性能的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method compares the abrasion resistance of similar types of stretch wrap films. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

ASTM D5416-95 使用振动试验评定张拉材料耐磨性能的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method compares the abrasion resistance of similar types of stretch wrap films. 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

ASTM F1115-95(2001) 测定饮料容器二氧化碳损失的标准试验方法

Two procedures, A and B, are outlined in this test method. Procedure A is used most often for development of various beverage container designs to determine the functional characteristics of the package in regard to shelf life. Procedure B is recommended for use in beverage filling operations as a quality control tool in maintaining the desired CO2 fill pressure. A loss of CO2 will affect product taste. 5.1.1 Procedure A involves the use of sensitive pressure and temperature monitoring equipment where a high degree of accuracy is essential, for example, a micro-pressure transducer and thermocouple for measuring pressure and temperature of the package in a closed system. Alternatively, this procedure may also use bottles closed with roll-on aluminum caps containing rubber septums. The septum is pierced with a hypodermic needle attached to a pressure transducer to obtain pressure readings. This procedure should be confined to laboratories that are practiced in this type of analytical testing. 5.1.2 Procedure B is more widely used when measuring the carbonation level of the package due to the simplicity of the technique. A simple Zahm-Nagle pressure assembly or Terris CO2 Analyzer is utilized.1.1 The objective of this test method is to determine the carbon dioxide (CO2) loss from plastic beverage containers after a specified period of storage time. 1.2 Factors contributing to this pressure loss are volume expansion and the gas transport characteristics of the package including permeation and leakage. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Determining the Carbon Dioxide Loss of Beverage Containers

ASTM D2684-95(2005) 包装试剂或专利产品的热塑容器的渗透率的标准试验方法

With the proper precautions and background experience, results can be useful for estimation of the loss of a packaged product through the walls of a container during shelf storage. The test is also useful for isolating the effects of a container design and materials, and is applicable for development and research and for specification purposes. In the absence of adequate supporting data, extrapolations or correlations of results to conditions beyond those of the test are not recommended because of possible product alteration, solvency, or chemical effects on the plastic, etc. Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the permeability of thermoplastic containers to packaged reagents or proprietary products under specified conditions of exposure. The exposures used are intended to simulate the normal and elevated temperature-storage conditions that might be encountered in end-use application.1.2 This test method is applicable only to those types of containers designed to allow positive, leakproof closure.1.3 Two procedures are provided:1.3.1 Procedure A is specific to testing only with a standard design container. This procedure provides for determinations of rate of weight loss (or gain) and for calculation of a permeability factor.1.3.2 Procedure B applies to tests of all other container designs. Permeability data by this procedure are expressed only in terms of rate of weight loss (or gain) for the particular container tested.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Note 18212;There is no similar or equivalent ISO Standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Permeability of Thermoplastic Containers to Packaged Reagents or Proprietary Products

ASTM D5415-95(2007) 使用振动试验评定张拉材料的载荷保持性能的标准试验方法

This test method is intended to be used mainly as a means of comparing the performance of stretch-wrap films. It can also be used to compare the effectiveness of different wrap cycles with the same wrapping materials. No direct correlation between these test results and actual field performance has been established. This test method simulates the shipping of unitized loads by way of truck and rail, concentrating on the vibration element associated with these modes. Other elements of the distribution system, such as mechanical handling, are not addressed specifically in this test method. This test method establishes a method for rating the performance of films, but it leaves open to the discretion of the user the establishment of an acceptable rating for the specific end-use intended.1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to contain unitized loads during shipping.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluating Load Containment Performance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing

ASTM D5414-95 使用张拉薄膜评定载荷的水平冲击性能的标准试验方法

1.1 This test method is used to evaluate and compare the ability of stretch-wrap films to survive horizontal impacts in a laboratory simulation. 1.2 The test levels may be varied to represent the mode of shipping and handling used for the unit load under test. 1.3 The methodology of performing the controlled horizontal impacts is described in detail in Methods D4003. This test method will describe only sample preparation and evaluation in the special case of evaluating the performance of film for load unitizing. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Horizontal Impact Performance of Load Unitizing Stretch Wrap Films